Articles“Regional Aspects of Stabilization Policy,” in R. A. Musgrave (ed.), Essays in Fiscal Federalism, The Brookings Institution, Washington (1965), pp. 7–62. Reprinted in L. Needleman (ed.), Regional Analysis, Penguin Books (1968)
“The Economic Impact of the Civil War,” Explorations in Entrepreneurial History, Second Series (Spring/Summer 1966). Reprinted in Ralph Andreano (ed.), The Economic Impact of the American Civil War, Second Edition, Schenkman Publishing Company (1967), and Robert W. Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman (eds.), The Reinterpretation of American Economic History (1971)
“The Effects of Slavery Upon the Southern Economy,” Explorations in Entrepreneurial History, Second Series (Winter 1967). Reprinted in Irwin Unger (ed.), Essays in the Civil War and Reconstruction, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston (1970), Hugh G. J. Aitken (ed.), Did Slavery Pay?, Houghton Mifflin (1971), and Paul Finkelman (ed.), Economics, Industrialization, Urbanization and Slavery, Garland (1990)
“Slavery as an Obstacle to Economic Growth in the United States: A Panel Discussion,” with others, Journal of Economic History (December 1967). Reprinted in Bobbs-Merrill Reprint Series in Black Studies, and I. Unger and D. Reimer (eds.), The Slavery Experience in the United States, Holt, Reinhart, and Winston (1970)
“A Model for the Explanation of Industrial Expansion During the Nineteenth Century: With an Application to the American Iron Industry,” with Robert W. Fogel, Journal of Political Economy (May/June 1969); Reprinted in Reinterpretation
“‘The Antebellum South’ What Probably Was and What Should Have Been,” Agricultural History (January 1970); also in William N. Parker (ed.), The Structure of the Cotton Economy in the Antebellum South, Agricultural History Society (1970)
“A Note on the Economic Consequences of the Second Bank of the United States,” Journal of Political Economy (July/August 1970)
“Human Capital, Education, and Economic Growth,” in Reinterpretation
“The Economics of Slavery,” with Robert W. Fogel, in Reinterpretation
“The Relative Efficiency of Slavery: A Comparison of Northern and Southern Agriculture in 1850 and 1860,” with Robert W. Fogel, Explorations in Economic History (Spring 1971)
“Some Economic Factors in Southern Backwardness in the Nineteenth Century,” in John Kain and John Meyer (eds.), Essays in Regional Economics, Harvard University Press (1971)
“The American Tariff, British Exports, and American Iron Production, 1840–60,” in Donald N. McCloskey (ed.), Essays in a Mature Economy, Methuen (1971)
“Some Economic Issues Relating to Railroad Subsidies and the Evaluation of Land Grants,” Journal of Economic History (June 1972)
“The Slave Trade and Capital Formation in the Industrial Revolution,” Business History Review (Winter 1972). Reprinted in Peter Hoffer (ed.), Africans Become Afro-Americans, Garland (1988)
“Some Considerations Relating to Property Rights in Man,” Journal of Economic History (March 1973). Reprinted (in Portuguese) in Novos Estudos (1988)
“Philanthropy at Bargain Prices: Notes on the Economics of Gradual Emancipation,” with Robert W. Fogel, Journal of Legal Studies (June 1974). Reprinted in Without Consent or Contract, and in Paul Finkelman (ed.), Slavery in the North and West, Garland (1990)
“Comments on the Study of Race and Slavery,” in Stanley L. Engerman and Eugene D. Genovese (eds.), Race and Slavery in the Western Hemisphere, Princeton University Press (1975)
“A Reconsideration of Southern Economic Growth, 1770–1860,” Agricultural History (April 1975)
“Models of Immiserization: The Theoretical Basis of Pessimism,” with R. M. Hartwell, in A. J. Taylor (ed.), The Standard of Living in Britain in the Industrial Revolution, Methuen (1975)
“Ship Patterns and Mortality in the African Slave Trade of Rio de Janeiro,” with Herbert S. Klein, Cahiers d'études africaines (1975). Reprinted (in Portuguese) in Carlos Manuel Pelaez and Mircea Buescu (eds.), A Moderna História Econômica (1976)
“Some Economic and Demographic Comparisons of Slavery in the United States and the British West Indies,” Economic History Review (May 1976). Reprinted (in French) in Sidney W. Mintz, Esclave – facteur de production, Punod (1981)
“The Height of Slaves in the United States,” Local Population Studies (Spring 1976). Reprinted in Cuff and Komlos (eds.), Classics in Anthropometric History (1998)
“Factors in Mortality in the French Slave Trade in the Eighteenth Century,” with Herbert S. Klein, Annales (November/December 1976). Reprinted in Without Consent of Contract
“The English Slave Trade in the 1790s,” with Herbert S. Klein, in Roger Anstey and P. E. H. Hair (eds.), Liverpool, the African Slave Trade and Abolition, Historical Society of Lancashire and Cheshire (1976)
“The Southern Slave Economy,” in Harry P. Owens (ed.), Perspectives and Irony in American Slavery, University Press of Mississippi (1976)
“Changes in Black Fertility and Family Structure, 1880–1940,” Journal of Family History (Summer 1977). Also in Tamara K. Hareven and Maris Vinovskis (eds.), Family and Population in Nineteenth-Century America, Princeton University Press (1978)
“Explaining the Relative Efficiency of Slave Agriculture in the Antebellum South,” with Robert W. Fogel, American Economic Review (June 1977); and “Reply” (September 1980). Reprinted in Without Consent or Contract
“Quantitative and Economic Analysis of West Indian Slave Societies: Research Problems,” in Vera Rubin and Arthur Tuden (eds.), Comparative Perspectives on Slavery in New World Plantation Societies, New York Academy of Sciences (1977)
“Recent Developments in American Economic History,” Social Science History (Fall 1977)
“Economic Perspectives on the Life Course,” in Tamara K. Hareven (ed.), Transitions, Academic Press (1978)
“Fertility Differentials between Slaves in the U.S. and the British West Indies: A Note on Lactation Practices and Their Possible Implications,” with Herbert S. Klein, William and Mary Quarterly (April 1978). Reprinted in Paul Finkelman (ed.), Comparative Issues in Slavery, Garland (1990)
“Relooking at The Slave Community,” in Al-Tony Gilmore (ed.), Revisiting John Blassingame's Slave Community, Greenwood (1978)
“Marxist Economic Studies of the Slave South,” Marxist Perspectives (Spring 1978). Reprinted in Paul Finkelman (ed.), Slavery and Historiography, Garland (1990)
“The Economics of Mortality in North America, 1650–1910: A Description of a Research Project,” with R. W. Fogel et al., Historical Methods (Spring 1978)
“A Note on Mortality in the French Slave Trade in the Eighteenth Century,” with Herbert S. Klein, in Henry Gemery and Jan Hogendorn (eds.), The Uncommon Market, Academic Press (1979)
“Recent Findings on Slave Demography and Family Structure,” with R. W. Fogel, Sociology and Social Research (April 1979). Reprinted in Paul Finkelman (ed.), Women and the Family in Slave Society, Garland (1990)
“The Realities of Slavery: A Review of Recent Evidence,” International Journal of Comparative Sociology (1979)
“New Books on the Measurement of Capital,” with Sherwin Rosen, in Dan Usher (ed.), The Measurement of Capital, University of Chicago Press (1980)
“Economic Aspects of the Abolition Debate,” with David Eltis, in Christine Bolt and Seymour Drescher (eds.), Anti-Slavery, Religion, and Reform, Dawson (1980)
“Changes in Income and Its Distribution During the Industrial Revolution,” with Patrick K. O'Brien, in Roderick Floud and Donald McCloskey (eds.), Economic History of Britain Since 1700, Cambridge University Press (1981)
“Notes on the Patterns of Economic Growth in the British North American Colonies in the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Centuries,” in P. Bairoch and M. Levy-Leboyer (eds.), Regional and International Disparities in Economic Development Since the Industrial Revolution, Macmillan (1981)
“Some Implications of the Abolition of the Slave Trade,” in David Eltis and James Walvin (eds.), Abolition of the Atlantic Slave Trade, University of Wisconsin Press (1981)
“Economic Growth, 1783–1860,” with Robert E. Gallman, Research in Economic History, Volume 8 (1983)
“Exploring the Uses of Data on Height: The Analysis of Long-Term Trends in Nutrition, Labor Welfare, and Labor Productivity,” with R. W. Fogel and J. Trussell, Social Science History (Fall 1982)
“Economic Aspects of the Adjustments to Emancipation in the United States and the British West Indies,” Journal of Interdisciplinary History (Autumn 1982)
“Contract Labor, Sugar, and Technology in the Nineteenth Century,” Journal of Economic History (September 1983)
“Changes in American and British Stature Since the Mid-Eighteenth Century: A Preliminary Report on the Usefulness of Data on Height for the Analysis of Secular Trends in Nutrition, Labor Productivity and Labor Welfare,” with R. W. Fogel et al., Journal of Interdisciplinary History (Autumn 1983). Also in Robert Rotberg and Ted Rabb (eds.), Hunger and History, Cambridge University Press (1985)
“The Level and Structure of Slave Prices on Cuban Plantations in the Middle of the Nineteenth Century: Some Comparative Perspectives,” with Manuel Moreno Fraginals and Herbert S. Klein, American Historical Review (December 1983). Also published (in Spanish) in Revista de Historia Economica (1983)
“The Demographic Study of the American Slave Population,” with Herbert S. Klein, in M. L. Marcilio (ed.), População e Sociedade (1984, in Portuguese)
“Economic Change and Contract Labor in the British Caribbean: The End of Slavery and the Adjustment to Emancipation,” Explorations in Economic History (April 1984). Also published in David Richardson (ed.), Abolition and Its Aftermath in the West Indies, Volume I, The Historical Context, 1790–1870, Frank Cass (1985)
“The Transition from Slave to Free Labor: Notes on a Comparative Economic Model,” with Herbert S. Klein, in Between Slavery and Free Labor. Also published (in Spanish) in Revista Latinoamerica de Historia Economica y Social (Summer 1983)
“Slavery and Emancipation in Comparative Perspective: A Look at Some Recent Debates,” Journal of Economic History (June 1986). Reprinted in Paul Finkelman (ed.), Slavery and Historiography, Garland (1990), and Lawrence B. Goodheart, Richard D. Brown, and Stephen G. Rabe (eds.), Slavery in American Society (3rd Edition), D. C. Heath (1992)
“Trends and Patterns in the Prices of Manumitted Slaves, Bahia, 1819–1888,” with Katia M. de Queiros Mattoso and Herbert S. Klein, Slavery and Abolition (May 1986). Also published (in Portuguese) in João José Reis (ed.), Escravidão e Invenção da Liberdade (1988)
“Clio is Alive and Well in More Places than Oxford, Ohio,” with Lance E. Davis, The Newsletter of the Cliometrics Society (April 1986). Also Published in Historical Methods (Summer 1987)
“From Servant to Slaves to Servants: Contract Labor and European Expansion,” in P. C. Emmer (ed.), Colonialism and Migration: Indentured Labour Before and After Slavery, Martinus Nijhoff (1986)
“British Capitalism and Caribbean Slavery: The Legacy of Eric Williams: An Introduction,” with Barbara L. Solow, in Engerman and Solow (eds.), British Capitalism and Caribbean Slavery, Cambridge University Press (1987)
“Methods and Meanings in Price History,” with Herbert S. Klein, in Lyman Johnson and Enrique Tandeter (eds.), Growth and Integration of the Atlantic Economy: Essays on the Price History of the Eighteenth Century Latin America, University of New Mexico Press (1989)
“Past History and Current Policy: The Legacy of Slavery,” in R. America (ed.), The Wealth of Races, Greenwood (1990)
“Exports and the Growth of the British Economy, from the Glorious Revolution to the Peace of Amiens,” with Patrick K. O'Brien, in Barbara Solow (ed.), Slavery and the Rise of the Atlantic System, Cambridge University Press (1991)
“Coerced and Free Labor: Property Rights and the Development of the Labor Force,” Explorations in Economic History (January 1992)
“The Economic Response to Emancipation and Some Economic Aspects of the Meaning of Freedom,” in Seymour Drescher and Frank McGlynn (eds.), The Meaning of Freedom, University of Pittsburgh Press (1992)
“Expanding Protoindustrialization,” Journal of Family History (Number 2, 1992)
“Was the Slave Trade Dominated by Men?” with David Eltis, Journal of Interdisciplinary History (Autumn 1992)
“Reflections on ‘The Economic Approach to History’,” in E. Radnitzky (ed.), Universal Economics: Assessment of the Achievements of the Economic Approach, Paragon House (1992)
“Seasonality in Nineteenth Century Labor Markets,” with Claudia Goldin, in Thomas Weiss and Don Schaefer (eds.), Economic Development in Historical Perspective, Stanford University Press (1993)
“The Ranks of Death: Secular Trends in Income and Mortality,” with Stephen J. Kunitz, Health Transition Review (Vol. 2, Supplementary Issue, 1992)
“Fluctuations in Sex and Age Ratios in the Transatlantic Slave Trade, 1663–1814,” with David Eltis, Economic History Review (May 1993)
“Chicken Little, Anna Karenina, and the Economics of Slavery,” Social Science History (Summer 1993)
“The Economics of Forced Labor,” Itinerario (Number 1, 1993)
“Mercantilism and Overseas Trade, 1700–1800,” in Roderick Floud and Donald McCloskey (eds.), Economic History of Britain Since 1700 (2nd Edition), Cambridge University Press (1994)
“The Industrial Revolution Revisited,” in Graeme Snooks (ed.), Was the Industrial Revolution Necessary?, Routledge (1994)
“The Big Picture: How (and Why and When) the West Grew Rich,” Policy Research (1994)
“The British Standard of Living Debate,” in John James and Mark Thomas (eds.), Capitalism in Context, University of Chicago Press (1994)
“Family and Economy: Some Comparative Perspectives,” in Richard Rudolph (ed.), The European Peasant Family and Economy: Historical Studies, Liverpool University Press (1995)
“Emancipations in Comparative Perspective: A Long and Wide View,” in Gert Oostinde (ed.), Fifty Years Later: Capitalism and Antislavery in The Dutch Orbit, KLTV Press (1995)
“The Atlantic Economy of the Eighteenth Century: Some Speculations on Economic Development in Britain, America, Africa, and Elsewhere,” Journal of European Economic History (Spring 1995)
“Europe, the Lesser Antilles, and Economic Expansion, 1600–1800,” in Robert Paquette and Stanley L. Engerman (eds.), The Lesser Antilles in the Age of European Expansion, University Presses of Florida (1996)
“The Land and Labor Problem at the Time of the Legal Emancipation of the West Indian Slaves,” in Roderick A. McDonald (ed.), West Indies Accounts: Essays on the British Caribbean and the Atlantic Economy in Honour of Richard Sheridan, University of West Indies Press (1996)
“Slavery, Serfdom, and other Forms of Coerced Labor: Similarities and Differences,” in Michael Bush (ed.), Serfdom and Slavery, Longman (1996)
“Prices as a Tool of Historical Analysis,” with Herbert S. Klein, (in Spanish), Boletín de América Latina en la Historia Económica (1996)
“Trade, Technology, and Wages: A Tale of Two Countries,” with Ronald W. Jones, American Economic Review (May 1996)
“Immigration Debates in the Past,” in Levy Economics Institute of Bard College Public Forum Proceeding (May 1996)
“Caribbean Population, 1700–1900,” with Barry Higman, in Volume III of the UNESCO History of the Caribbean, Franklin Knight (ed.) (1997)
“The Civil War: A Modern View,” with J. M. Gallman, in Stig Förster and Jörg Nagler (eds.), On The Road to Total War, Cambridge University Press (1997)
“Factor Endowments, Institutions, and Differential Paths of Growth among New World Economies: A View from Economic Historians of the United States,” with Kenneth Sokoloff, in Stephen Haber (ed.), Why Did Latin America Fall Behind?, Stanford University Press (1996)
“Cultural Values, Ideological Beliefs, and Changing Labor Institutions: Notes on their Interactions,” in John Drobak and John Nye (eds.), Frontiers of the New Institutional Economics, Academic Press (1997)
“Labor – Free or Coerced? A Historical Reassessment of Differences and Similarities,” with Robert J. Steinfeld, in Tom Brass and Marcel van der Linden (eds.), Free and Unfree Labor, Peter Lang (1997)
“The Standard of Living Debate in International Perspective: Measures and Indicators,” in Roderick Floud and Richard Steckel (eds.), Health and Welfare During Industrialization, University of Chicago Press (1997)
“International Labor Flows and National Wages,” with R. W. Jones, American Economic Review (May 1997)
“Long-Term Trends in African Mortality in the Transatlantic Slave Trade,” with Herbert S. Klein, Slavery and Abolition (April 1997)
“The Bricks of Empire, 1415–1999: 85 Years of Portuguese Emigration,” with Joao Cesar das Neves, Journal of European Economic History (Winter 1997)
“British Imperialism in a Mercantilist Age, 1492–1849: Conceptual Issues and Empirical Problems,” Revista de Historia Economica, 16 (Spring 1998)
“The Lessons from Nineteenth Century Transitions from Slavery to Free Labor,” in Ewa Hauser and Jacek Wasilewslci (eds.), Lessons in Democracy, University of Rochester Press (1999)
“The Economy of British North America: Miles Traveled, Miles to Go,” with Lance Davis, William and Mary Quarterly (January 1999)
“Max Weber as Economist and Economic Historian,” in Stephen Turner (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Weber, Cambridge University Press (2000)
“A Population History of the Caribbean,” in Michael Haines and Richard Steckel (eds.), A Population History of North America, Cambridge University Press (2000)
“Changing Views of Slavery in the United States South: The Role of Eugene D. Genovese,” with Robert W. Fogel, in Louis Ferleger and Robert Paquette (eds.) Slavery, Secession, and Southern History, University of Virginia Press (2000)
“The Importance of Slavery and the Slave Trade to Industrializing Britain,” with David Eltis, Journal of Economic History (March 2000)
“France, Britain, and the Economic Growth of Colonial North America,” in John J. McCusker and Kenneth Morgan (eds.), The Early Modern Atlantic Economy, Cambridge University Press. (2000)
“Mortality on Slave Ships Compared with Those in Other Long Distance Oceanic Migrations,” with Herbert S. Klein, Robert Haines, and Ralph Shlomowitz, William and Mary Quarterly (January 2001)
“Institutions, Factor Endowments, and Paths of Development in the New World,” with Kenneth Sokoloff, Journal of Economic Perspectives (June 2000)
“Comparative Approaches to the Ending of Slavery,” in Howard Temperly (ed.), After Slavery, Frank Cass (2000)
“Inequality, Institutions, and Differential Paths of Growth among New World Economies,” with Stephen Haber and Kenneth Sokoloff, in Claude Ménard (ed.), Institutions, Contracts, and Organizations, Edward Elgar (2001)
“Labor Incentives and Manumission in Ancient Greek Slavery,” in G. Bitros and Y. Katsoulacos (eds.), Essays in Economic Theory, Growth, and Labor Markets, Edward Elgar (2002)
“Pricing Freedom: Evaluating the Costs of Emancipation and Manumission,” in V. Shepard (ed.), Working Slavery, Pricing Freedom, Ian Randle Press (2002)
“The Emergence of a Market Economy Before 1860,” with Robert E. Gallman, in William Barney (ed.), Blackwell Companion to American History, B. H. Blackwell (2002)
“Changing Laws and Regulations and Their Impact on Migration,” in David Eltis (ed.), Coerced and Free Migration, Stanford University Press (2002)
Review Articles, Published Discussions, and Book Reviews“Discussion,” Papers in Economic History, American Economic Review (May 1967)
“Discussion,” Precis of Dissertations, Journal of Economic History (March 1971)
“Gary Hawke's Railways and Economic Growth in England and Wales, 1840–1870,” Business History (July 1975)
“Up or Out: Social and Geographic Mobility in the United States,” (a review of Stephan Thernstrom's The Other Bostonians), Journal of Interdisciplinary History (Winter 1975)
“Comments on Richardson and Boulle and the Williams Thesis,” in Revue Française d'Histoire d'Outre-mer (October 1975). Also published in Emmer, Mettas, Nardin (eds.), The Atlantic Slave Trade: New Approaches (1976)
“Douglass C. North's The Economic Growth of the United States, 1790–1860 Revisited,” Social Science History (Winter 1977)
“Studying the Black Family: A Review of The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom, 1750–1925,” Journal of Family History (Summer 1977)
“Introduction” and editor, issue of Southern Studies devoted to slavery in the eighteenth century Chesapeake region (Winter 1977)
“Elites and Economic Development: A Commentary,” in Working Papers from the Regional Economic History Center (1978)
“Frederick Cooper's Plantation Slavery in East Africa,” Economic Development and Cultural Change (April 1979)
“Comments on the Slave Family and Its Legacies,” Historical Reflections (Summer 1979). Also in Michael Craton (ed.), Roots and Branches, Pergamon (1979)
“Logic and Society on ‘Counterfactuals and the New Economic History’,” Inquiry (1980)
“AHR Forum: Antebellum North and South in Comparative Perspective,” American Historical Review (December 1980)
“Foreword” to Robert J. Cottrol, The Afro-Yankees, Greenwood Press (1982)
“Foreword” to John David Smith, Black Slavery in the Americas, Greenwood Press (1982)
Co-editor, Special Issue of Social Science History on “Secular Trends in Nutrition, Labor Welfare, and Labor Productivity,” with R. W. Fogel (Fall 1982)
“Three Recent Studies of Ethnicity and Relative Economic Achievement: A Review Essay,” Historical Methods (Winter 1983)
Comment on “Slavery in a Nonexport Economy: Nineteenth-Century Minas Gerais Revisited,” with Eugene D. Genovese, Hispanic-American Historical Review (August 1983)
“Reconstructing English Population History: A Review Essay of Wrigley and Schofield's The Population History of England,” Annals of Scholarship (1983)
“Introduction” to Michael Plunkett (compiler), A Guide to the Collections Relating to Afro-American History, Literature, and Culture in the Manuscripts Department of the University of Virginia Library, University of Virginia Library (1984)
Entry on “Cliometrics” in Adam Kuper and Jessica Kuper (eds.), The Social Science Encyclopedia, Routledge and Kegan Paul (1985); revised for second edition (1995); also entry on “Economic History,” (1995)
Comment on “Population and Labor in the British Caribbean in the Early Nineteenth Century,” in Long-Term Factors in American Economic Growth (1986)
Entry on “Slavery” in John Eatwell, Murray Milgate, Peter Newman (eds.), The New Palgrave, Macmillan (1987)
Entries on “Slave Prices” and Slave Demography,” in Randall M. Miller and John David Smith (eds.), Dictionary of Afro-American History, Greenwood (1988)
Entry on “Douglass C. North,” in John Cannon, R. H. C. Davis, William Doyle, and Jack P. Greene (eds.), The Dictionary of Historians (1988)
Co-editor with N. F. R. Crafts and N. Dimsdale, special issue of Oxford Economic Papers on economic history (1987)
Co-editor with Joseph Inikori, 4 issues of Social Science History, 1990, 1991, on the Atlantic slave trade; “Introduction,” reprinted in part in David Northrup, The Atlantic Slave Trade, Heath (1994)
“Foreword,” to M. Plunkett, Afro-American Sources in Virginia: A Guide to Manuscripts, University Press of Virginia (1990)
“Comments” [on paper of Robert E. Gallman on U.S. Capital Stock] in Robert E. Gallman and John Wallis (eds.), The Standard of Living in Early Nineteenth-Century America, University of Chicago Press (1992)
“Robert William Fogel: An Appreciation by a Coauthor and Colleague,” in Claudia Goldin and Hugh Rockoff (eds.), Strategic Factors in Nineteenth-Century American Economic History, University of Chicago Press (1992). Reprinted in Two Pioneers of Cliometrics, Cliometric Society (1993)
“Plantation Wage Labor and Urban Slavery,” (in Spanish) HISLA (Peru), special issue on slavery (1992)
“Quantification,” in Encyclopedia of American Social History, Charles Scribner's Sons (1992)
“Comments” [on the historical study of heights in North America and Asia] in John Komlos (ed.), The Standard of Living and Economic Development: Essays in Anthropometric History, University of Chicago Press (1994)
“Concluding Reflections” in Larry E. Hudson, Jr. (ed.), Working Towards Freedom, University of Rochester Press (1994)
“The Extent of Slavery and Freedom Throughout the Ages, in the World as a Whole and in Major Sub-areas,” in Julian L. Simon (ed.), The State of Humanity, Blackwell's (1995)
Entry on “Eric Williams,” The Encyclopedia of Democracy (1995)
“Introductory Remarks on ‘Economic History and Old Age,’” Journal of Economic History (March 1996)
Entry on “Slavery (World-Wide),” Microsoft Encarta 97 Encyclopedia (1997)
Entry in John Maurice Clark, American National Biography, Oxford University Press (1999)
“Introduction” to Seymour Drescher, From Slavery to Freedom, Macmillan (1998)
“Introductory Essay: Terms of Labor: Slavery, Serfdom, and Free Labor,” in Engerman (ed.), The Terms of Labor (1999)
AHR Forum: “Looking at Slavery from Broader Perspectives,” American Historical Review (April 2000)
Co-editor (with Lance Davis) of special issue of William and Mary Quarterly (January 1999), on “The Economy of British North America.”
“Comment: One Kind of Freedom: A Comparative Perspective,” Explorations in Economic History (January 2001)
Entries on “Capitalism,” “The Slave Trade,” “Slavery,” and “Economics” in Paul S. Boyer, The Oxford Companion to United States History, Oxford University Press (2001)
Entries on “R. W. Fogel,” “Caribbean Regions: Pre-emancipation Period,” and “Capitalism” (with R. M. Hartwell) in Joel Mokyr (ed.), Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History, Oxford University Press (2001)
