Agar, M. (no date) ‘Dope Double Agent’. Available at: http://www.ethknoworks.com/files/Chapter_one.pdf.
Agar, M.H. (1973) Ripping and running: a formal ethnography of urban heroin addicts. New York: Seminar Press.
Akyeampong, E. (2005) ‘Diaspora and drug trafficking in West Africa: A case study of Ghana’, African Affairs, 104(416), pp. 429–447. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adi015.
Akyeampong, E.K. (1996) Drink, power, and cultural change: a social history of alcohol in Ghana, c. 1800 to recent times. Portsmouth, N.H.: Heinemann.
Alexander, B.K. and dawsonera (2008) The globalisation of addiction: a study in poverty of the spirit. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1274309.
Allen, C.J. (2002) The hold life has: coca and cultural identity in an Andean community. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books.
Ambler, C., Carrier, N. and Klantschnig, G. (2014) ‘Introduction’, in C.H. Ambler, N.C.M. Carrier, and G. Klantschnig (eds) Drugs in Africa: histories and ethnographies of use, trade, and control. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–24. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1779844.
Anderson, D. and dawsonera (2007) The khat controversy: stimulating the debate on drugs. Oxford: Berg. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=483713.
Angela Garcia (2008) ‘The Elegiac Addict: History, Chronicity, and the Melancholic Subject’, Cultural Anthropology, 23(4), pp. 718–746. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20484525?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Bancroft, A. (2009a) Drugs, intoxication and society. Cambridge: Polity.
Bancroft, A. (2009b) Drugs, intoxication and society. Cambridge: Polity.
Bancroft, A. (2009c) Drugs, intoxication and society. Cambridge: Polity.
Baram, U. (1999) ‘Clay Tobacco Pipes and Coffee Cup Sherds in the Archaeology of the Middle East: Artifacts of Social Tensions from the Ottoman Past’, International Journal of Historical Archaeology, 3(3), pp. 137–151. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021905918886.
Becker, H. (no date) ‘Drugs: What are they?’ Available at: https://www.sfu.ca/~palys/Becker-2001-Drugs-WhatAreThey.pdf.
Bewley-Taylor, D.R. (2012) International Drug Control: Consensus Fractured. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139057424.
Bloomer, J. (no date) ‘Using a political ecology framework to examine extra-legal livelihood strategies’. Available at: http://jpe.library.arizona.edu/volume_16/Bloomer.pdf.
Bourgois, P. et al. (2017) ‘Structural Vulnerability’, Academic Medicine, 92(3), pp. 299–307. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000001294.
Bourgois, P.I. (2003a) In search of respect: selling crack in El Barrio. Second edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511808562.
Bourgois, P.I. (2003b) In search of respect: selling crack in El Barrio. Second edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511808562.
Bourgois, P.I. and Schonberg, J. (2009) Righteous dopefiend. Berkeley, Calif: University of California Press.
Campbell, H. (2014) ‘Narco-Propaganda in the Mexican "Drug War”’, Latin American Perspectives, 41(2), pp. 60–77. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X12443519.
Campos, I. (2012) Home grown: marijuana and the origins of Mexico’s war on drugs. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Carrier, N. (2005) ‘“Miraa is cool”: the cultural importance of miraa for Tigania and Igembe youth in Kenya*’, Journal of African Cultural Studies, 17(2), pp. 201–218. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/13696850500448311.
Carrier, N. (2008) ‘Is Miraa a Drug?: Categorizing Kenyan Khat’, Substance Use & Misuse, 43(6), pp. 803–818. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/10826080701739016.
Carrier, N. and Gezon, L. (no date) ‘Khat in the Western Indian Ocean : Regional Linkages and Disjunctures’, Études océan Indien, (42–43), pp. 271–297. Available at: https://oceanindien.revues.org/851.
Carrier, N. and Klantschnig, G. (2016) ‘Illicit livelihoods: drug crops and development in Africa’, Review of African Political Economy, 43(148), pp. 174–189. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2016.1170676.
Carrier, N. and Klantschnig, G. (2017) ‘Quasilegality: khat, cannabis and Africa’s drug laws’, Third World Quarterly, pp. 1–16. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2017.1368383.
Carrier, N.C.M. et al. (2012a) Africa and the war on drugs. London: Zed Books.
Carrier, N.C.M. et al. (2012b) Africa and the war on drugs. London: Zed Books.
Carrier, N.C.M. and dawsonera (2007) Kenyan khat: the social life of a stimulant. Leiden: Brill. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=467985.
Catherine J. Allen (1981) ‘To Be Quechua: The Symbolism of Coca Chewing in Highland Peru’, American Ethnologist, 8(1), pp. 157–171. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/644493?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Christine A. Hastorf (1987) ‘Archaeological Evidence of Coca (Erythroxylum coca, Erythroxylaceae) in the Upper Mantaro Valley, Peru’, Economic Botany, 41(2), pp. 292–301. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/4254968?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Cohen, A. (2014) ‘Crazy for Ya Ba: Methamphetamine use among northern Thai youth’, International Journal of Drug Policy, 25(4), pp. 776–782. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.06.005.
Courtwright, D.T. (2001) ‘Chapter 1’, in Forces of habit: drugs and the making of the modern world. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, pp. 9–30.
Davis, W. (2014) ‘Chapters Three and Four’, in One river: explorations and discoveries in the Amazon rain forest. London: Vintage Books.
dawsonera (2013) Addiction trajectories. Edited by E.A. Raikhel and W.C. Garriott. Durham: Duke University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1175182.
dawsonera (2015) The master plant: tobacco in lowland South America. Edited by E. Rahman and A. Russell. London: Bloomsbury Academic, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1983218.
De Rios, M.D. (1993) ‘Twenty-Five Years of Hallucinogenic Studies in Cross-Cultural Perspective’, Anthropology of Consciousness, 4(1), pp. 1–8. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1525/ac.1993.4.1.1.
Dobkin de Rios, M. (1996) Hallucinogens, cross-cultural perspectives. Prospect Heights, Ill: Waveland Press.
Dominy, N.J. (2015) ‘Ferment in the family tree’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(2), pp. 308–309. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1421566112.
‘Drinking Games | The New Yorker’ (no date). Available at: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/02/15/drinking-games.
Eduardo Kohn (2007) ‘How Dogs Dream: Amazonian Natures and the Politics of Transspecies Engagement’, American Ethnologist, 34(1). Available at: https://www-jstor-org.bris.idm.oclc.org/stable/4496782?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents.
Furst, P.T. (ed.) (1990) Flesh of the gods: the ritual use of hallucinogens. Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press.
Garcia, A. (2010) The pastoral clinic: addiction and dispossession along the Rio Grande. Berkeley, Calif: University of California Press.
Garriott, W. (2013) ‘Methamphetamine in Rural America’, Anthropology Now, 5(1), pp. 27–35. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5816/anthropologynow.5.1.0027.
Garriott, W. and Raikhel, E. (2015) ‘Addiction in the Making’, Annual Review of Anthropology, 44(1), pp. 477–491. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102214-014242.
Gezon, L. (2016) ‘Chapter 1 - Khat Comes to Madagascar’, in Drug Effects. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 15–40. Available at: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315430096.
Gezon, L. (no date) ‘Beyond (anti)utilitarianism: khat and alternatives to growth in northern Madagascar’. Available at: http://jpe.library.arizona.edu/volume_24/Gezon.pdf.
Ghiabi, M. (2017) ‘Maintaining disorder: the micropolitics of drugs policy in Iran’, Third World Quarterly, pp. 1–21. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2017.1350818.
Gootenberg, P. (2008) Andean cocaine: the making of a global drug. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press.
Guerra-Doce, E. (2015) ‘The Origins of Inebriation: Archaeological Evidence of the Consumption of Fermented Beverages and Drugs in Prehistoric Eurasia’, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 22(3), pp. 751–782. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-014-9205-z.
Guerra-Doce, E. (no date) ‘Psychoactive Substances in Prehistoric Times: Examining the Archaeological Evidence’. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1751696X.2014.993244.
Hallstone, M. (2002) ‘Updating Howard Becker’s Theory of Using Marijuana for Pleasure’, Contemporary Drug Problems, 29(4), pp. 821–845. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/009145090202900408.
Halvaksz, J.A. (2007) ‘Cannabis and Fantasies of Development: Revaluing Relations through Land in Rural Papua New Guinea’, The Australian Journal of Anthropology, 18(1), pp. 56–71. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?AllField=Cannabis+and+Fantasies+of+Development%3A+Revaluing+Relations+through+Land+in+Rural+Papua+New+Guinea+&SeriesKey=17576547.
Heath, D.B. (1987) ‘Anthropology and Alcohol Studies: Current Issues’, Annual Review of Anthropology, 16(1), pp. 99–120. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.16.100187.000531.
Hugh-Jones, S. (2007) ‘Coca, beer, cigars and yagé: meals and anti-meals in an Amerindian community’, in Consuming habits: global and historical perspectives on how cultures define drugs. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, pp. 46–64.
Kennedy, J.G., Teague, J. and Fairbanks, L. (1980) ‘Qat use in North Yemen and the problem of addiction: A study in medical anthropology’, Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 4(4), pp. 311–344. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00051810.
Khat report 2013 - GOV.UK (no date). Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/khat-report-2013.
Khat: social harms and legislation a literature review - GOV.UK (no date). Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/khat-social-harms-and-legislation-a-literature-review.
Kirmayer, L.J. and Raikhel, E. (2009) ‘Editorial: From to Substance D: Psychopharmacology, Political Economy, and Technologies of the Self’, Transcultural Psychiatry, 46(1), pp. 5–15. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1363461509102284.
Klantschnig, G. (2009) ‘The politics of law enforcement in Nigeria: lessons from the war on drugs’, The Journal of Modern African Studies, 47(04). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X09990036.
Klein, A. (2012) ‘The Anthropology of Drugs’, in The SAGE Handbook of Social Anthropology. London: SAGE, pp. 1004–1015. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1046501.
Klein, A. (2013) ‘The Khat ban in the UK: What about the “scientific” evidence? (Respond to this article at http://www.therai.org.uk/at/debate)’, Anthropology Today, 29(5), pp. 6–8. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8322.12057.
Levine, H. (no date a) Crack in America. Available at: http://qcpages.qc.cuny.edu/~hlevine/CRACK-IN-AMERICA-CH1.html.
Levine, H. (no date b) Crack in America. Available at: http://qcpages.qc.cuny.edu/~hlevine/CRACK-IN-AMERICA-CH1.html.
Levine, H. (no date c) The Discovery of Addiction. Available at: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.525.6107&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
Levine, H.G. (2003) ‘Global drug prohibition: its uses and crises’, International Journal of Drug Policy, 14(2), pp. 145–153. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-3959(03)00003-3.
Long, T. et al. (2017) ‘Cannabis in Eurasia: origin of human use and Bronze Age trans-continental connections’, Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 26(2), pp. 245–258. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-016-0579-6.
‘LSD, Spirutuality and the Creative Process’ (no date). Available at: http://www.maps.org/news-letters/v14n1/v14n1_38-39.pdf.
Marshall, M. (1990) ‘"Problem deflation” and the ethnographic record: Interpretation and introspection in anthropological studies of alcohol’, Journal of Substance Abuse, 2(3), pp. 353–367. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-3289(10)80007-0.
Marshall, M., Ames, G.M. and Bennett, L.A. (2001) ‘Anthropological perspectives on alcohol and drugs at the turn of the new millennium’, Social Science & Medicine, 53(2), pp. 153–164. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00328-2.
Masquelier, A. (2013) ‘TEATIME: BOREDOM AND THE TEMPORALITIES OF YOUNG MEN IN NIGER’, Africa, 83(03), pp. 470–491. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0001972013000272.
Mercille, J. (2011) ‘Violent Narco-Cartels or US Hegemony? The political economy of the “war on drugs” in Mexico’, Third World Quarterly, 32(9), pp. 1637–1653. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2011.619881.
Messac, L. et al. (2013) ‘The good-enough science-and-politics of anthropological collaboration with evidence-based clinical research: Four ethnographic case studies’, Social Science & Medicine, 99, pp. 176–186. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.009.
Mintz, S.W. (1986) Sweetness and power: the place of sugar in modern history. New York: Penguin.
Nancy D. Campbell and Susan J. Shaw (2008) ‘Incitements to Discourse: Illicit Drugs, Harm Reduction, and the Production of Ethnographic Subjects’, Cultural Anthropology, 23(4), pp. 688–717. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20484524?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Neil Carrier (2005) ‘The Need for Speed: Contrasting Timeframes in the Social Life of Kenyan miraa’, Africa: Journal of the International African Institute, 75(4), pp. 539–558. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3556960?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Netherland, J. and Hansen, H.B. (2016) ‘The War on Drugs That Wasn’t: Wasted Whiteness, "Dirty Doctors,” and Race in Media Coverage of Prescription Opioid Misuse’, Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 40(4), pp. 664–686. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11013-016-9496-5.
Our 9,000-Year Love Affair With Booze (no date). Available at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2017/02/alcohol-discovery-addiction-booze-human-culture/.
Oxford Scholarship Online (Online service) (2014) Ayahuasca shamanism in the Amazon and beyond. Edited by B.C. Labate and C. Cavnar. New York: Oxford University Press. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199341191.001.0001.
Page, J.B. and Singer, M. (2010) ‘The Emergence of Drug Ethnography’, in Comprehending drug use: ethnographic research at the social margins. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, pp. 25–49.
Papadimitropoulos, P. (no date) ‘Psychedelic Trance: ritual, belief and transcendental experience in modern raves’. Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0eac/74aff21cd87fd21e609d11dc8847c4a1df23.pdf?_ga=2.103015552.1881637376.1582564677-412430370.1582564677.
Pardo, B. (2014) ‘Cannabis policy reforms in the Americas: A comparative analysis of Colorado, Washington, and Uruguay’, International Journal of Drug Policy, 25(4), pp. 727–735. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.05.010.
Plutschow, Herbert (no date) ‘An Anthropological Perspective on the Japanese Tea Ceremony’, Anthropoetics: The Electronic Journal of Generative Anthropology, 5(1). Available at: http://anthropoetics.ucla.edu/ap0501/tea/.
Polson, M. (2013) ‘Land and Law in Marijuana Country: Clean Capital, Dirty Money, and the Drug War’s Nexus’, PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review, 36(2), pp. 215–230. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12023.
Preble, E. and Casey, J.J. (1969) ‘Taking Care of Business—The Heroin User’s Life on the Street’, International Journal of the Addictions, 4(1), pp. 1–24. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3109/10826086909061998.
Robin Room, Michael Agar, Jeremy Beckett, Linda A. Bennett, Sally Casswell, Dwight B. Heath, Joy Leland, Jerrold E. Levy, William Madsen, Mac Marshall, Jacek Moskalewicz, Juan Carlos Negrete, Miriam B. Rodin, Lee Sackett, Margaret Sargent, David Strug and Jack O. Waddell (1984) ‘Alcohol and Ethnography: A Case of Problem Deflation? [and Comments and Reply]’, Current Anthropology, 25(2), pp. 169–191. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2742819?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Rolles, S. (no date) ‘Introduction and chapter one of “Legalizing Drugs: The key to ending the war”’. Available at: https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http://www.newint.org/books/no-nonsense-guides/legalizingdrugsintroandchapterone.pdf.
Schendel, W. van and Abraham, I. (2005) Illicit flows and criminal things: states, borders, and the other side of globalization. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Schultes, R.E. (1940) ‘Teonanacatl: The Narcotic Mushroom of the Aztecs’, American Anthropologist, 42(3), pp. 429–443. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1940.42.3.02a00040.
Sharp, E. (2014) ‘Visualizing : Violent Media, the Mexican Military’s Museum of Drugs, and Transformative Culture’, Visual Anthropology Review, 30(2), pp. 151–163. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/var.12045.
Sherratt, A. (2007) ‘Introduction: Peculiar Substances’, in Consuming habits: global and historical perspectives on how cultures define drugs. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, pp. 1–10.
Shlomo Bunimovitz (no date) ‘Opium or oil? Late Bronze Age Cypriot Base Ring juglets and international trade revisited’, Antiquity, 90(354), pp. 1552–1561. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2016.177.
Singer, M. (2008) ‘Drugs and development: The global impact of drug use and trafficking on social and economic development’, International Journal of Drug Policy, 19(6), pp. 467–478. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2006.12.007.
Singer, M. (2012) ‘Anthropology and addiction: an historical review’, Addiction, 107(10), pp. 1747–1755. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03879.x.
Singer, M. and Erickson, P.I. (2015) A companion to medical anthropology. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
Singer, M. and Page, J.B. (2014) The social value of drug addicts: uses of the useless. Walnut Creek, California: Left Coast Press Inc.
Smith, F.H. (2008) The archaeology of alcohol and drinking. Gainesville, Fla: University Press of Florida.
Stephen Ellis (2009) ‘West Africa’s International Drug Trade’, African Affairs, 108(431), pp. 171–196. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27667118?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Susan Beckerleg (1995) ‘“Brown Sugar” or Friday Prayers: Youth Choices and Community Building in Coastal Kenya’, African Affairs, 94(374), pp. 23–38. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/723912?seq=3#page_scan_tab_contents.
Tate, W. (2015) Drugs, thugs, and diplomats: U.S. policymaking in Colombia. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
The Perils and Privileges of Ayahuasca - SAPIENS (no date). Available at: https://www.sapiens.org/culture/ayahuasca-tourism-amazon/.
‘The Tobacco Trade’ (1993) in Bristol and the Atlantic Trade in the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 152–183. Available at: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/bristol-and-the-atlantic-trade-in-the-eighteenth-century/3AFEADE87BEE0DEBF3E1098E10E01CF7.
Vrecko, S. (2010) ‘Birth of a brain disease: science, the state and addiction neuropolitics’, History of the Human Sciences, 23(4), pp. 52–67. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0952695110371598.
Wakeman, S. (2016) ‘The Moral Economy of Heroin in “Austerity Britain”’, Critical Criminology, 24(3), pp. 363–377. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10612-015-9312-5.
Weston La Barre (1960) ‘Twenty Years of Peyote Studies’, Current Anthropology, 1(1), pp. 45–60. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2739674?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Wilbert, J. (1987) Tobacco and shamanism in South America. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Williams, L. (no date) ‘Ethnographic Imaginary’. Available at: http://criticalinquiry.uchicago.edu/uploads/pdf/Williams_on_The_Wire.pdf.
Willis, J. (2002) Potent brews: a social history of alcohol in East Africa, 1850-1999. London: British Institute in Eastern Africa in association with James Currey.
WITHINGTON, P. (2011) ‘INTOXICANTS AND SOCIETY IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND’, The Historical Journal, 54(03), pp. 631–657. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X11000197.
Zigon, J. (2015) ‘What is a Situation?: An Assemblic Ethnography of the Drug War’, Cultural Anthropology, 30(3), pp. 501–524. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14506/ca30.3.07.