Bibliography for SOCIM3107: Theories of Ethnicity and Racism BETA

@book{Agustín_2007, address={London}, title={Sex at the margins: migration, labour markets and the rescue industry}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=330261}, publisher={Zed Books}, author={Agustín, Laura María}, year={2007} }

@book{Alexander_2014, address={London}, title={Stuart Hall and ‘Race’}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1588470}, publisher={Taylor & Francis}, author={Alexander, Claire}, year={2014} }

@article{Alexander_2013, title={Struggling over the mode of incorporation: backlash against multiculturalism in Europe}, volume={36}, DOI={10.1080/01419870.2012.752515}, number={4}, journal={Ethnic and Racial Studies}, author={Alexander, Jeffrey C.}, year={2013}, month=apr, pages={531–556} }

@inbook{Alonso_1987, address={New York}, title={Politics and the measurement of ethnicity}, volume={The population of the United States in the 1980s : a Census monograph series}, booktitle={The politics of numbers}, publisher={Russell Sage Foundation}, author={Alonso, William}, year={1987}, pages={187–233} }

@inbook{Anderson_2006, address={London}, edition={Rev. ed}, title={Patriotism and Racism}, booktitle={Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism}, publisher={Verso}, author={Anderson, Benedict}, year={2006}, pages={141–154} }

@inbook{Anderson_2010, address={Chicago, Ill}, title={Chapter 3, ‘Race, class, and slavery: The Civil War as a second American revolution’, in Marx at the margins: on nationalism, ethnicity, and non-western societies}, url={https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511691829}, booktitle={Marx at the margins: on nationalism, ethnicity, and non-western societies}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Anderson, Kevin B.}, year={2010} }

@article{Anthias_2016, title={Interconnecting boundaries of identity and belonging and hierarchy-making within transnational mobility studies: Framing inequalities}, volume={64}, DOI={10.1177/0011392115614780}, number={2}, journal={Current Sociology}, author={Anthias, Floya}, year={2016}, month=mar, pages={172–190} }

@inbook{Back_Solomos_1999, address={Malden, Mass}, title={Marxism, Racism, and Ethnicity}, booktitle={Race, identity, and citizenship: a reader}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Back, Les and Solomos, John}, year={1999}, pages={65–78} }

@book{Back_Solomos_2009, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Theories of race and racism: a reader}, volume={Routledge student readers}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Back, Les and Solomos, John}, year={2009} }

@book{Baker_1998, address={Berkerley}, title={From Savage to Negro}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Baker, Lee D.}, year={1998} }

@inbook{Ballis Lal_1986, address={Cambridge}, title={Chapter 13, ‘The “Chicago School” of American sociology, symbolic interactionism, and race relations theory’, in Theories of race and ethnic relations}, volume={Comparative ethnic and race relations}, url={https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/theories-of-race-and-ethnic-relations/CF536DD23866ED34FD18E309BF86FB6F}, booktitle={Theories of race and ethnic relations}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Ballis Lal, Barbara}, year={1986}, pages={280–298} }

@inbook{Banks_1996, address={London}, title={Ethnicity and Race in Britain}, booktitle={Ethnicity: anthropological constructions}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Banks, Marcus}, year={1996}, pages={88–120} }

@inbook{Banton_1983, address={Cambridge}, title={How competition affects boundaries}, volume={Comparative ethnic and race relations series}, booktitle={Racial and ethnic competition}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Banton, Michael}, year={1983}, pages={100–139} }

@article{Barbara Jeanne Fields_1990, title={Slavery, Race and Ideology in the United States of America}, volume={181}, url={https://newleftreview.org/I/181/barbara-jeanne-fields-slavery-race-and-ideology-in-the-united-states-of-america}, journal={New Left Review}, author={Barbara Jeanne Fields}, year={1990} }

@inbook{Barth_1969, address={Bergen}, title={Introduction}, volume={Scandinavian university books}, booktitle={Ethnic groups and boundaries: the social organization of culture difference}, publisher={Universitetsforlaget}, author={Barth, Fredrik}, year={1969}, pages={9–38} }

@inbook{Bauman_1996, address={London}, title={Chapter 2, ‘From pilgrim to tourist – or a short history of identity’, in Questions of cultural identity}, booktitle={Questions of cultural identity}, publisher={Sage}, author={Bauman, Zygmunt}, year={1996}, pages={18–36} }

@inbook{Baumann_1996a, address={Cambridge}, title={A shared Southall culture?}, volume={Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology}, booktitle={Contesting culture: discourses of identity in multi-ethnic London}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Baumann, Gerd}, year={1996}, pages={37–71} }

@inbook{Baumann_1996b, address={Cambridge}, title={Chapter 2, ‘The argument: Identifying a dominant discourse’, in Contesting culture}, volume={Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology}, booktitle={Contesting culture: discourses of identity in multi-ethnic London}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Baumann, Gerd}, year={1996} }

@article{Bhabha_1983, title={The Other Question...}, volume={24}, DOI={10.1093/screen/24.6.18}, number={6}, journal={Screen}, author={Bhabha, H. K}, year={1983}, month=nov, pages={18–36} }

@book{Bhabha_2013, title={Nation and Narration}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Bhabha, Homi K}, year={2013} }

@inbook{Billig_2009, address={London}, title={Chapter 3, ‘Remembering banal nationalism’, in  Banal nationalism}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1024116}, booktitle={Banal nationalism}, publisher={Sage}, author={Billig, Michael}, year={2009}, pages={37–59} }

@inbook{Bourdieu_1991, address={Cambridge}, edition={English edition}, title={Identity and representation: Elements for a critical reflection on the idea of region}, booktitle={Language and symbolic power}, publisher={Polity in association with Basil Blackwell}, author={Bourdieu, Pierre}, year={1991}, pages={220–228} }

@inbook{Bowen_2007, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Chapter 4, ‘Scarves and schools’, in Why the French don’t like headscarves}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=646749}, booktitle={Why the French don’t like headscarves: Islam, the State, and public space}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Bowen, John R.}, year={2007}, pages={65–97} }

@inbook{Bowker_Star_1999, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Chapter 6, ‘The case of race classification and reclassification under apartheid’, in Sorting things out}, volume={Inside technology}, url={http://cognet.mit.edu/book/sorting-things-out}, booktitle={Sorting things out: classification and its consequences}, publisher={MIT Press}, author={Bowker, Geoffrey C. and Star, Susan Leigh}, year={1999}, pages={195–225} }

@inbook{Brass_1997a, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Text and Context}, booktitle={Theft of an idol: text and context in the representation of collective violence}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Brass, Paul R.}, year={1997}, pages={3–31} }

@inbook{Brass_1997b, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Chapter 8, ‘Conclusion’, in Theft of an idol}, booktitle={Theft of an idol: text and context in the representation of collective violence}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Brass, Paul R.}, year={1997}, pages={260–288} }

@inbook{Braubaker_1992, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Citizenship as Social Closure}, booktitle={Citizenship and nationhood in France and Germany}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Braubaker, Rogers}, year={1992}, pages={21–34} }

@inbook{Braubaker_2006, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Languages}, booktitle={Nationalist politics and everyday ethnicity in a Transylvanian town}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Braubaker, Rogers}, year={2006}, pages={239–264} }

@inbook{Brubaker_1992, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Chapter 3, ‘State, state-system, and citizenship in Germany’, in Citizenship and nationhood in France and Germany}, booktitle={Citizenship and nationhood in France and Germany}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Brubaker, Rogers}, year={1992} }

@article{BRUBAKER_2002, title={Ethnicity without groups}, volume={43}, DOI={10.1017/S0003975602001066}, number={2}, journal={European Journal of Sociology}, author={BRUBAKER, ROGERS}, year={2002}, month=aug, pages={163–189} }

@book{Brubaker_2004, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Ethnicity without groups}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Brubaker, Rogers}, year={2004} }

@inbook{Brubaker_2006, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Chapter 12, ‘Politics’, in Nationalist politics and everyday ethnicity in a Transylvanian town}, booktitle={Nationalist politics and everyday ethnicity in a Transylvanian town}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Brubaker, Rogers}, year={2006}, pages={333–355} }

@inbook{Brubaker_Feischmidt_Fox_Grancea_2006, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Chapter 7, ‘Categories’, in Nationalist politics and everyday ethnicity in a Transylvanian town}, booktitle={Nationalist politics and everyday ethnicity in a Transylvanian town}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Brubaker, Rogers and Feischmidt, Margit and Fox, Jon and Grancea, Liana}, year={2006}, pages={207–238} }

@inbook{Burleigh_1991, address={Cambridge}, title={Barbarism institutionalized: racism as state policy}, booktitle={The racial state: Germany, 1933-1945}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Burleigh, Michael}, year={1991}, pages={44–73} }

@inbook{Byrne_2006a, address={London}, title={Seeing, talking, living race}, booktitle={White lives: the interplay of ‘race’, class, and gender in everyday life}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Byrne, Bridget}, year={2006}, pages={72–103} }

@inbook{Byrne_2006b, address={London}, title={Chapter 2, ‘Troubling "race”’, in White lives}, booktitle={White lives: the interplay of ‘race’, class, and gender in everyday life}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Byrne, Bridget}, year={2006}, pages={15–27} }

@article{CARTER_FENTON_2010, title={Not Thinking Ethnicity: A Critique of the Ethnicity Paradigm in an Over-Ethnicised Sociology}, volume={40}, DOI={10.1111/j.1468-5914.2009.00420.x}, number={1}, journal={Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour}, author={CARTER, BOB and FENTON, STEVE}, year={2010}, month=mar, pages={1–18} }

@inbook{Castles_2014, address={Basingstoke}, edition={Fifth edition}, title={The migratory process and the formation of ethnic minorities}, url={https://bibliu.com/users/saml/samlUniversityOfBristol?RelayState=eyJjdXN0b21fbGF1bmNoX3VybCI6IiMvdmlldy9ib29rcy85NzgxMzUyMDA3MTM4L2VwdWIvT0VCUFMvMDZfdG9jLXRpdGxlLmh0bWwifQ%3D%3D}, booktitle={The age of migration: international population movements in the modern world}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Castles, Stephen}, year={2014}, pages={25–54} }

@inbook{Castles_Haas_Miller_2014, address={Basingstoke}, edition={Fifth edition}, title={Chapter 3, ‘International migration before 1945’, and chapter 4, ‘Migration to highly-developed countries since 1945’, in The age of migration}, url={https://bibliu.com/users/saml/samlUniversityOfBristol?RelayState=eyJjdXN0b21fbGF1bmNoX3VybCI6IiMvdmlldy9ib29rcy85NzgxMzUyMDA3MTM4L2VwdWIvT0VCUFMvMDZfdG9jLXRpdGxlLmh0bWwifQ%3D%3D}, booktitle={The age of migration: international population movements in the modern world}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Castles, Stephen and Haas, Hein de and Miller, Mark J.}, year={2014} }

@book{Cesaire_Pinkham_Kelley_Ca(c)Saire_C Saire_Kelley_2014, title={Discourse on Colonialism}, publisher={Monthly Review Press}, author={Cesaire, Aime and Pinkham, Joan and Kelley, Robin D G and Ca(c)Saire, Aima(c) and C Saire, Aim and Kelley, Robin D G}, year={2014} }

@inbook{Chapman_Macdonald_Tonkin_1996, address={Oxford}, title={History and ethnicity}, booktitle={Ethnicity}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Chapman, Malcolm and Macdonald, Maryon and Tonkin, Elisabeth}, year={1996}, pages={18–24} }

@article{Christian Joppke_1996, title={Multiculturalism and Immigration: A Comparison of the United States, Germany, and Great Britain}, volume={25}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/657908?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=Multiculturalism&searchText=and&searchText=immigration:&searchText=A&searchText=comparison&searchText=of&searchText=the&searchText=United&searchText=States&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100635%26amp%3BQuery%3DMulticulturalism%2Band%2Bimmigration%253A%2BA%2Bcomparison%2Bof%2Bthe%2BUnited%2BStates&refreqid=search%3A0bb5765fa075407a1d2c30db49ce5592}, number={4}, journal={Theory and Society}, publisher={SpringerSpringer}, author={Christian Joppke}, year={1996}, pages={449–500} }

@book{Clarke_Garner_2010, address={London}, title={White identities: a critical sociological approach}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=3386535}, publisher={Pluto Press}, author={Clarke, Simon and Garner, Steve}, year={2010} }

@inbook{Cohen_1974, address={London}, title={Invisible organisations:  some case studies}, booktitle={Two-dimensional man: an essay on the anthropology of power and symbolism in complex society}, publisher={Routledge and Kegan Paul}, author={Cohen, Abner}, year={1974}, pages={90–118} }

@book{Cohen_2006, address={Aldershot}, title={Migration and its enemies: global capital, migrant labour and the nation-state}, publisher={Ashgate}, author={Cohen, Robin}, year={2006} }

@inbook{Collins_1999, address={Stanford, Calif}, title={Balkanization or Americanization:  a geopolitical theory of ethnic change}, booktitle={Macrohistory: essays in sociology of the long run}, publisher={Stanford University Press}, author={Collins, Randal}, year={1999}, pages={70–109} }

@inbook{Comaroff_Comaroff_2009, address={Chicago, Ill}, title={Chapter 2, ‘Three or four things about ethno-futures’, and chapter 3, ‘Questions of theory’, in Ethnicity, Inc}, volume={Chicago studies in practices of meaning}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=471780}, booktitle={Ethnicity, Inc}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Comaroff, John L. and Comaroff, Jean}, year={2009}, pages={6–59} }

@article{Condor_Fenton_2012, title={Thinking across domains: Class, nation and racism in England and Britain}, volume={12}, DOI={10.1177/1468796812448016}, number={4}, journal={Ethnicities}, author={Condor, Susan and Fenton, Steve}, year={2012}, month=aug, pages={385–393} }

@inbook{Conley_2010, address={Berkeley, Calif}, edition={10th anniversary ed}, title={Wealth Matters}, booktitle={Being black, living in the red: race, wealth, and social policy in America}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Conley, Dalton}, year={2010}, pages={1–24} }

@book{Crenshaw_Gotanda_Peller_Thomas_1995, address={New York}, title={Critical Race Theory}, publisher={The New Press}, author={Crenshaw, Kimberle and Gotanda, Neil and Peller, Garry and Thomas, Kendall}, year={1995} }

@inbook{D’Andrade_1995, address={Cambridge}, title={The growth of schema theory}, url={https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139166645.007}, booktitle={The development of cognitive anthropology}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={D’Andrade, Roy}, year={1995}, pages={122–149} }

@inbook{Davidson_2015, address={Basingstoke}, title={Mastery, race and nation: prisons and borders, afterlives and legacies of transatlantic slavery}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=4008302}, booktitle={Modern slavery: the margins of freedom}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Davidson, Julia O’Connell}, year={2015}, pages={81–108} }

@inbook{Davis_2001, address={University Park, Pa}, edition={10th anniversary ed}, title={Chapter 4, ‘The rule becomes firm’, in Who is black? one nations definition}, booktitle={Who is black?: one nation’s definition}, publisher={Pennsylvania State University Press}, author={Davis, F. James}, year={2001}, pages={51–80} }

@article{Desmond_Emirbayer_2009, title={WHAT IS RACIAL DOMINATION?}, volume={6}, DOI={10.1017/S1742058X09990166}, number={02}, journal={Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race}, author={Desmond, Matthew and Emirbayer, Mustafa}, year={2009}, month=sept }

@inbook{Dikotter_1997, address={London}, title={Racial Discourse in China: Continuities and Permutations}, booktitle={The construction of racial identities in China and Japan: historical and contemporary perspectives}, publisher={Hurst}, author={Dikotter, Frank}, year={1997}, pages={12–33} }

@inbook{Diner_2008, address={New York, N.Y.}, edition={2nd ed}, title={History and the study of immigration}, booktitle={Migration theory: talking across disciplines}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Diner, Haisa R.}, year={2008}, pages={27–49} }

@inbook{Dirks_2001, address={Princeton}, title={Chapter 1, ‘Introduction: The modernity of caste’, in Castes of mind: colonialism and the making of modern India}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=776369}, booktitle={Castes of mind: colonialism and the making of modern India}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Dirks, Nicholas B.}, year={2001} }

@inbook{Dominguez_1986, address={New Brunswick, N.J.}, title={Introduction}, booktitle={White by definition: social classification in creole Louisiana}, publisher={Rutgers University Press}, author={Dominguez, Virginia R.}, year={1986}, pages={1–20} }

@book{Du Bois_2008, address={Oxford}, title={The souls of black folk}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=415969}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Du Bois, W. E. B.}, editor={Edwards, Brent Hayes}, year={2008} }

@article{Edna Bonacich_1972, title={A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: The Split Labor Market}, volume={37}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/2093450?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=theory&searchText=of&searchText=ethnic&searchText=antagonism&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100080%26amp%3BQuery%3Dtheory%2Bof%2Bethnic%2Bantagonism&refreqid=search%3A5d5f9ca6101a134f545d9197014a81db&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={5}, journal={American Sociological Review}, publisher={American Sociological AssociationAmerican Sociological Association}, author={Edna Bonacich}, year={1972}, pages={547–559} }

@inbook{Entzinger_2003, address={Houndmills}, title={The rise and fall of multiculturalism:  the case of the netherlands}, volume={Migration, minorities, and citizenship}, booktitle={Toward assimilation and citizenship: immigrants in liberal nation-states}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Entzinger, Han}, year={2003}, pages={59–86} }

@inbook{Eriksen_2010a, address={London}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Chapter 1, ‘What is ethnicity?’, in Ethnicity and nationalism: anthropological perspectives}, volume={Anthropology, culture, and society}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=3386255}, booktitle={Ethnicity and nationalism: anthropological perspectives}, publisher={Pluto Press}, author={Eriksen, Thomas Hylland}, year={2010}, pages={1–22} }

@inbook{Eriksen_2010b, address={London}, edition={3rd ed}, title={Chapter 5, ‘Ethnicity in history’, in Ethnicity and nationalism}, volume={Anthropology, culture, and society}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=3386255}, booktitle={Ethnicity and nationalism: anthropological perspectives}, publisher={Pluto Press}, author={Eriksen, Thomas Hylland}, year={2010}, pages={95–116} }

@inbook{Essed_2002, address={Oxford}, title={Everyday racism:  A new approach to the study of racism}, booktitle={Race critical theories: text and context}, publisher={Blackwell}, author={Essed, Philomena}, year={2002}, pages={176–194} }

@inbook{Fenton_1999, address={Basingstoke}, title={Racialisation and ethnicity in the economic context}, booktitle={Ethnicity: racism, class and culture}, publisher={Macmillan}, author={Fenton, Steve}, year={1999}, pages={114–140} }

@book{Fenton_2010a, address={Cambridge}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Ethnicity}, volume={Key concepts}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Bristol&isbn=9780745675121}, publisher={Polity}, author={Fenton, Steve}, year={2010} }

@inbook{Fenton_2010b, address={Cambridge}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Chapter 3, ‘The demise of race: The emergence of "ethnic”’ in Ethnicity}, volume={Key concepts}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Bristol&isbn=9780745675121}, booktitle={Ethnicity}, publisher={Polity}, author={Fenton, Steve}, year={2010} }

@inbook{Fenton_2010c, address={Cambridge}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Chapter 6, ‘Migration and ethnicity’ in  Ethnicity}, volume={Key concepts}, url={http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=Bristol&isbn=9780745675121}, booktitle={Ethnicity}, publisher={Polity}, author={Fenton, Steve}, year={2010}, pages={115–138} }

@inbook{FitzGerald_Cook-Martin_2014, address={Cambridge, Massachusetts}, title={Introduction}, booktitle={Culling the masses: the democratic origins of racist immigration policy in the Americas}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={FitzGerald, David and Cook-Martin, David}, year={2014}, pages={1–46} }

@article{Fox_Jones_2013, title={Migration, everyday life and the ethnicity bias}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1177/1468796813483727}, number={4}, journal={Ethnicities}, author={Fox, Jon E and Jones, Demelza}, year={2013}, month=aug, pages={385–400} }

@article{Fox_Miller-Idriss_2008, title={Everyday nationhood}, volume={8}, DOI={10.1177/1468796808088925}, number={4}, journal={Ethnicities}, author={Fox, Jon E. and Miller-Idriss, Cynthia}, year={2008}, month=dec, pages={536–563} }

@inbook{Fredrickson_1981, address={New York}, title={Race mixture and the color line}, booktitle={White supremacy: a comparative study of American and South African history}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Fredrickson, George M.}, year={1981}, pages={94–135} }

@article{Gans_1979a, address={Henley-on-Thames}, title={Article}, volume={2}, journal={Ethnic and racial studies}, publisher={Routledge & Kegan Paul}, author={Gans, Herbert}, year={1979}, pages={1–20} }

@article{Gans_1979b, title={Symbolic ethnicity: The future of ethnic groups and cultures in America*}, volume={2}, DOI={10.1080/01419870.1979.9993248}, number={1}, journal={Ethnic and Racial Studies}, author={Gans, Herbert J.}, year={1979}, month=jan, pages={1–20} }

@book{Garner_2007, address={London}, title={Whiteness}, publisher={Taylor & Francis Ltd}, author={Garner, Steve}, year={2007} }

@inbook{Geertz_2000, address={New York}, title={Integrative revolution}, booktitle={The interpretation of cultures: selected essays}, publisher={Basic Books}, author={Geertz, Clifford}, year={2000}, pages={255–310} }

@inbook{Genovese_1971, address={London}, title={Materialism and Idealism in the History of Negro Slavery in the Americas}, booktitle={In red and black: Marxian explorations in Southern and Afro-American history}, publisher={Allen Lane}, author={Genovese, Eugene D.}, year={1971}, pages={23–52} }

@inbook{Gilroy_2002, address={London}, title={Chapter 1, ‘"Race”, class and agency’, in  There ain’t no black in the Union Jack}, volume={Routledge classics}, url={https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203995075}, booktitle={There ain’t no black in the Union Jack: the cultural politics of race and nation}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Gilroy, Paul}, year={2002}, pages={15–42} }

@inbook{Gilroy_2004, address={London}, title={On living with difference.}, booktitle={After empire: melancholia or convivial culture?}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Gilroy, Paul}, year={2004}, pages={1–28} }

@article{Gil-White_1999, title={How thick is blood? The plot thickens . . .: if ethnic actors are primordialists, what remains of the circumstantialist / primordialist controversy?}, volume={22}, DOI={10.1080/014198799329260}, number={5}, journal={Ethnic and Racial Studies}, author={Gil-White, Francisco J.}, year={1999}, month=jan, pages={789–820} }

@inbook{Glazer_Moynihan_1975, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Introduction}, booktitle={Ethnicity: theory and experience}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Glazer, Nathan and Moynihan, Daniel}, year={1975}, pages={1–26} }

@inbook{Hale_2008, address={Cambridge}, title={Chapter 1, ‘Introduction’, chapter 2, ‘The need for a microfoundational theory of ethnicity’, and chapter 3, ‘A relational theory:  Ethnicity is about uncertainty, whereas ethnic politics is about interests’ in The foundations of ethnic politics}, volume={Cambridge studies in comparative politics}, url={https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511790669}, booktitle={The foundations of ethnic politics: separatism of states and nations in Eurasia and the world}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Hale, Henry E.}, year={2008}, pages={1–56} }

@inbook{Hall_1990, address={London}, title={Cultural identity and diaspora}, booktitle={Identity: community, culture, difference}, publisher={Lawrence & Wishart}, author={Hall, Stuart}, year={1990}, pages={222–237} }

@inbook{Hall_1996, address={London}, title={Introduction:  Who needs "identity”?}, booktitle={Questions of cultural identity}, publisher={Sage}, author={Hall, Stuart}, year={1996}, pages={1–17} }

@inbook{Handler_1994, address={Princeton, N.J.}, title={Is "Identity” a Useful Cross-Cultural Concept?}, booktitle={Commemorations: the politics of national identity}, publisher={Princeton University Press}, author={Handler, Richard}, year={1994}, pages={27–40} }

@inbook{Hechter_1975a, address={London}, title={Towards a theory of ethnic change}, volume={International library of sociology}, booktitle={Internal colonialism: the Celtic fringe in British national development, 1536-1966}, publisher={Routledge and Kegan Paul}, author={Hechter, Michael}, year={1975}, pages={15–43} }

@inbook{Hechter_1975b, address={London}, title={Chapter 1, ‘Introduction’, in Internal colonialism}, volume={International library of sociology}, booktitle={Internal colonialism: the Celtic fringe in British national development, 1536-1966}, publisher={Routledge and Kegan Paul}, author={Hechter, Michael}, year={1975} }

@inbook{Hollinger_1995a, address={New York}, title={Chapter 1, ‘Introduction,’ in Postethnic America: beyond multiculturalism}, booktitle={Postethnic America: beyond multiculturalism}, publisher={BasicBooks}, author={Hollinger, David}, year={1995} }

@inbook{Hollinger_1995b, address={New York}, title={Haleys choice and the ethno-racial pentagon}, booktitle={Postethnic America: beyond multiculturalism}, publisher={BasicBooks}, author={Hollinger, David}, year={1995}, pages={19–50} }

@book{hooks_2015, address={New York}, title={Black looks: race and representation}, url={https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315743226}, publisher={Routledge}, author={hooks, bell}, year={2015} }

@inbook{Horowitz_2000a, address={Berkeley, Calif}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Chapter 2, ‘A family resemblance,’ in Ethnic groups in conflict}, booktitle={Ethnic groups in conflict}, publisher={London}, author={Horowitz, Donald}, year={2000}, pages={55–92} }

@inbook{Horowitz_2000b, address={Berkeley, Calif}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Chapter 4, ‘Group comparison and the sources of conflict’ and chapter 5, ‘Group entitlement and sources of conflict’, in Ethnic groups in conflict}, booktitle={Ethnic groups in conflict}, publisher={London}, author={Horowitz, Donald}, year={2000}, pages={141–228} }

@book{Horowitz_2000c, address={Berkeley, Calif}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Ethnic groups in conflict}, publisher={London}, author={Horowitz, Donald L.}, year={2000} }

@inbook{Hutchinson_Smith_1996, address={Oxford}, title={Chapter 3, ‘Ethnicity in history’, in Ethnicity}, booktitle={Ethnicity}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Hutchinson, John and Smith, Anthony D.}, year={1996} }

@inbook{Ignatiev_1995, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={White negroes and smoked Irish}, booktitle={How the Irish became white}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Ignatiev, Noel}, year={1995}, pages={34–61} }

@inbook{Jenkins_1997, address={London}, title={Categorization and power}, booktitle={Rethinking ethnicity: arguments and explorations}, publisher={Sage}, author={Jenkins, Richard}, year={1997}, pages={52–73} }

@inbook{Jenkins_2014, address={London}, edition={Fourth edition}, title={Chapter 1, ‘Knowing who’s who’, chapter2, ‘A sign of the times?’, and chapter 3, ‘Understanding identification’ Social identity}, volume={Key ideas}, url={https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315887104}, booktitle={Social identity}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Jenkins, Richard}, year={2014}, pages={1–38} }

@book{Karner_2007a, address={London}, edition={1st ed}, title={Ethnicity and everyday life}, url={http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0618/2006024256.html}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Karner, Christian}, year={2007} }

@inbook{Karner_2007b, address={London}, edition={1st ed}, title={Ethnicity and Everyday Life}, url={http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0618/2006024256.html}, booktitle={Ethnicity and everyday life}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Karner, Christian}, year={2007}, pages={15–47} }

@inbook{Karner_2007c, address={London}, edition={1st ed}, title={Chapter 2, ‘Power and classification, meaning and resistance’, in Ethnicity and everyday life}, url={http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0618/2006024256.html}, booktitle={Ethnicity and everyday life}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Karner, Christian}, year={2007} }

@article{Katharine W. Jones_2001, title={‘I’ve Called 'em Tom-ah-toes All My Life and I’m Not Going to Change!’: Maintaining Linguistic Control over English Identity in the U.S.}, volume={79}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/2675618?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=Maintaining&searchText=linguistic&searchText=control&searchText=over&searchText=English&searchText=identity&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3DMaintaining%2Blinguistic%2Bcontrol%2Bover%2BEnglish%2Bidentity%2B%26amp%3Bfilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100364&refreqid=search%3A628c19879e1518f73244f9ad2e35e653&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={3}, journal={Social Forces}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Katharine W. Jones}, year={2001}, pages={1061–1094} }

@inbook{Kertzer_2001, address={Cambridge}, title={Censuses, identity formation, and the struggle for political power}, volume={New perspectives on anthropological and social demography}, url={https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511606045.002}, booktitle={Census and identity: the politics of race, ethnicity, and language in national censuses}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Kertzer, David I.}, year={2001}, pages={1–42} }

@article{Koopmans_Statham_1999, title={Challenging the Liberal Nation‐State? Postnationalism, Multiculturalism, and the Collective Claims Making of Migrants and Ethnic Minorities in Britain and Germany}, volume={105}, DOI={10.1086/210357}, number={3}, journal={American Journal of Sociology}, author={Koopmans, Ruud and Statham, Paul}, year={1999}, month=nov, pages={652–696} }

@inbook{Koopmans_Statham_2000, address={Oxford}, title={Migration and Ethnic Relations as a Field of Political Contention: An Opportunity Structure Approach}, booktitle={Challenging immigration and ethnic relations politics: comparative European perspectives}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Koopmans, Ruud and Statham, Paul}, year={2000}, pages={13–56} }

@article{Linde-Laursen_1993, address={[S.l.]}, title={The nationalization of trivialities:  how cleaning becomes an identity marker in the encounter of swedes and danes}, journal={Ethnos}, publisher={Routledge.}, author={Linde-Laursen, Anders}, year={1993}, pages={275–293} }

@inbook{Malesevic_2004, address={London}, title={Neo-Weberian theory:  Ethnicity as status privilege}, booktitle={The sociology of ethnicity}, publisher={SAGE}, author={Malesevic, Sinisa}, year={2004}, pages={127–142} }

@inbook{Mann_2005, address={Cambridge}, title={The Argument}, url={https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817274.002}, booktitle={The dark side of democracy: explaining ethnic cleansing}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Mann, Michael}, year={2005}, pages={1–33} }

@article{Mara Loveman_1999, title={Is ‘Race’ Essential?}, volume={64}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/2657409?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=(Loveman,&searchText=%27Is&searchText=%22race%22&searchText=essential)&searchText=AND&searchText=jid:(j100080)&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100080%26amp%3BQuery%3DLoveman%252C%2B%25E2%2580%2598Is%2B%25E2%2580%259Crace%25E2%2580%259D%2Bessential&refreqid=search%3A05f298b4c3779e96908fda887ba986af&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={6}, journal={American Sociological Review}, publisher={American Sociological AssociationAmerican Sociological Association}, author={Mara Loveman}, year={1999}, pages={891–898} }

@article{Mara Loveman and Jeronimo O. Muniz_2007, title={How Puerto Rico Became White: Boundary Dynamics and Intercensus Racial Reclassification}, volume={72}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/25472503?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=How&searchText=Puerto&searchText=Rico&searchText=became&searchText=white:&searchText=Boundary&searchText=dynamics&searchText=and&searchText=intercensus&searchText=racial&searchText=reclassification&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100080%26amp%3BQuery%3DHow%2BPuerto%2BRico%2Bbecame%2Bwhite%253A%2B%2BBoundary%2Bdynamics%2Band%2Bintercensus%2Bracial%2Breclassification&refreqid=search%3A9b6f01aced90ba280bff78fd6e2ee30f&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={6}, journal={American Sociological Review}, publisher={American Sociological AssociationAmerican Sociological Association}, author={Mara Loveman and Jeronimo O. Muniz}, year={2007}, pages={915–939} }

@inbook{Maylam_2001a, address={Aldershot}, title={Chapter 5, ‘The segregation era’, in South Africa’s racial past}, volume={Research in migration and ethnic relations series}, booktitle={South Africa’s racial past: the history and historiography of racism, segregation, and apartheid}, publisher={Ashgate}, author={Maylam, Paul}, year={2001}, pages={143–206} }

@inbook{Maylam_2001b, address={Aldershot}, title={Apartheid}, volume={Research in migration and ethnic relations series}, booktitle={South Africa’s racial past: the history and historiography of racism, segregation, and apartheid}, publisher={Ashgate}, author={Maylam, Paul}, year={2001}, pages={175–206} }

@article{Meer_Modood_2009, title={The Multicultural State We’re In: Muslims, ‘Multiculture’ and the ‘Civic Re-balancing’ of British Multiculturalism}, volume={57}, DOI={10.1111/j.1467-9248.2008.00745.x}, number={3}, journal={Political Studies}, author={Meer, Nasar and Modood, Tariq}, year={2009}, month=oct, pages={473–497} }

@article{Meer_Nayak_2015, title={Race Ends Where? Race, Racism and Contemporary Sociology}, volume={49}, DOI={10.1177/0038038513501943}, number={6}, journal={Sociology}, author={Meer, Nasar and Nayak, Anoop}, year={2015}, month=dec, pages={NP3–NP20} }

@article{Michael Hechter_1978, title={Group Formation and the Cultural Division of Labor}, volume={84}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/2777850?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=Group&searchText=formation&searchText=and&searchText=the&searchText=cultural&searchText=division&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100067%26amp%3BQuery%3DGroup%2Bformation%2Band%2Bthe%2Bcultural%2Bdivision&refreqid=search%3A7fea763fc33569a1bc488f82c1cf555a&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={2}, journal={American Journal of Sociology}, publisher={The University of Chicago PressThe University of Chicago Press}, author={Michael Hechter}, year={1978}, pages={293–318} }

@book{Miles_1982a, address={London}, title={Racism and migrant labour}, publisher={Routledge & Kegan Paul}, author={Miles, Robert}, year={1982} }

@inbook{Miles_1982b, address={London}, title={Racism and Class Structure: Migrant Labour in Contemporary Capitalism}, booktitle={Racism and migrant labour}, publisher={Routledge & Kegan Paul}, author={Miles, Robert}, year={1982}, pages={151–188} }

@inbook{Miles_1982c, address={London}, title={Chapter 6, ‘Labour migration and racism: The case of the Irish’, in Racism and migrant labour}, booktitle={Racism and migrant labour}, publisher={Routledge & Kegan Paul}, author={Miles, Robert}, year={1982} }

@inbook{Miles_1987, address={London}, title={Introduction}, booktitle={Capitalism and unfree labour: anomaly or necessity?}, publisher={Tavistock}, author={Miles, Robert}, year={1987}, pages={1–14} }

@inbook{Miles_1993, address={London}, title={Racialising Subjects and Aliens}, booktitle={Racism after ‘race relations’}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Miles, Robert}, year={1993}, pages={150–169} }

@inbook{Miller_1998, address={Chicago}, title={Chapter 8, ‘Coca-Cola: A black sweet drink from Trinidad’, in Material cultures}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=166034}, booktitle={Material cultures: why some things matter}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Miller, Daniel}, year={1998} }

@inbook{Modood_1997, address={London}, title={Difference, Cultural-Racism and Anti-Racism}, volume={Postcolonial encounters}, booktitle={Debating cultural hybridity: multi-cultural identities and the politics of anti-racism}, publisher={Zed Books}, author={Modood, Tariq}, year={1997}, pages={154–172} }

@book{Modood_2005a, address={Edinburgh}, title={Multicultural politics: racism, ethnicity and Muslims in Britain}, publisher={Edinburgh University Press}, author={Modood, Tariq}, year={2005} }

@inbook{Modood_2005b, address={Edinburgh}, title={Muslims and the politics of multiculturalism}, booktitle={Multicultural politics: racism, ethnicity and Muslims in Britain}, publisher={Edinburgh University Press}, author={Modood, Tariq}, year={2005}, pages={151–170} }

@book{Modood_2007, address={Cambridge}, title={Multiculturalism: a civic idea}, volume={Themes for the twenty-first century}, publisher={Polity Press}, author={Modood, Tariq}, year={2007} }

@inbook{Modood_2013, address={Cambridge}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Is multiculturalism appropriate for the twenty-first century}, booktitle={Multiculturalism: a civic idea}, publisher={Polity}, author={Modood, Tariq}, year={2013}, pages={1–20} }

@article{Monk_2016, title={The Consequences of "Race and Color” in Brazil}, volume={63}, DOI={10.1093/socpro/spw014}, number={3}, journal={Social Problems}, author={Monk, Ellis P.}, year={2016}, month=aug, pages={413–430} }

@inbook{Mosse_1978, address={London}, title={Eighteenth-century foundations}, booktitle={Toward the final solution: a history of European racism}, publisher={Dent}, author={Mosse, George}, year={1978}, pages={1–16} }

@inbook{Nagel_1986, address={Orlando}, title={The political construction of ethnicity}, booktitle={Competitive ethnic relations}, publisher={Academic Press}, author={Nagel, Joane}, year={1986}, pages={93–112} }

@inbook{Nagel_1996a, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={Introduction, ‘American Indian ethnic renewal’, in American Indian ethnic renewal}, booktitle={American Indian ethnic renewal: Red power and the resurgence of identity and culture}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Nagel, Joane}, year={1996} }

@inbook{Nagel_1996b, address={New York, N.Y.}, title={Constructing ethnic identity}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/reader.action?docID=431141&ppg=36}, booktitle={American Indian ethnic renewal: Red power and the resurgence of identity and culture}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Nagel, Joane}, year={1996}, pages={19–42} }

@book{O’Connell Davidson_2015, address={Basingstoke}, title={Modern slavery: the margins of freedom}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=4008302}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={O’Connell Davidson, Julia}, year={2015} }

@article{Okamura_1981, address={Henley-on-Thames}, title={Situational ethnicity}, journal={Ethnic and racial studies}, publisher={Routledge & Kegan Paul}, author={Okamura, Jonathan}, year={1981}, pages={452–465} }

@inbook{Olzak_Nagel_1986, address={Orlando}, title={Chapter 1, ‘Introduction - competitive ethnic relations: An overview,’ in Competitive ethnic relations}, booktitle={Competitive ethnic relations}, publisher={Academic Press}, author={Olzak, Susan and Nagel, Joane}, year={1986}, pages={1–14} }

@inbook{Omi_Winant_1986, address={New York}, title={Racial Formation}, volume={Critical social thought}, booktitle={Racial formation in the United States: from the 1960’s to the 1980s}, publisher={Routledge & Kegan Paul}, author={Omi, Michael and Winant, Howard}, year={1986}, pages={57–69} }

@inbook{Omi_Winant_2015, address={London}, edition={Third edition}, title={Chapter 5, ‘The racial state’, in Racial formation in the United States}, booktitle={Racial formation in the United States}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Omi, Michael and Winant, Howard}, year={2015}, pages={77–91} }

@article{Paca_2015, title={‘Schatzi’: Making Meaning of Diaspora}, url={https://jomec.cardiffuniversitypress.org/articles/abstract/10.18573/j.2015.10005/}, DOI={10.18573/j.2015.10005}, number={7}, journal={JOMEC Journal}, author={Paca, Dafina}, year={2015}, month=june }

@inbook{Parkin_1979, address={London}, title={Internal Class Cleavages and the Ethnic Factor}, booktitle={Marxism and class theory: a bourgeois critique}, publisher={Tavistock}, author={Parkin, Frank}, year={1979}, pages={29–43} }

@article{Patricia Ahmed, Cynthia Feliciano and Rebecca Jean Emigh_2007, title={Internal and External Ethnic Assessments in Eastern Europe}, volume={86}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/4495034?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=Internal&searchText=and&searchText=external&searchText=ethnic&searchText=assessments&searchText=in&searchText=Eastern&searchText=Europe&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3DInternal%2Band%2Bexternal%2Bethnic%2Bassessments%2Bin%2BEastern%2BEurope%26amp%3Bfilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100364&refreqid=search%3Ae40335256b174f6433c15c8ea67b1cd5&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={1}, journal={Social Forces}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Patricia Ahmed, Cynthia Feliciano and Rebecca Jean Emigh}, year={2007}, pages={231–255} }

@article{Pierre Bourdieu_1985, title={The Social Space and the Genesis of Groups}, volume={14}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/657373?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=(Bourdieu,&searchText=%27The&searchText=social&searchText=space&searchText=and&searchText=the&searchText=genesis&searchText=of&searchText=groups)&searchText=AND&searchText=jid:(j100635)&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100635%26amp%3BQuery%3DBourdieu%252C%2B%25E2%2580%2598The%2Bsocial%2Bspace%2Band%2Bthe%2Bgenesis%2Bof%2Bgroups&refreqid=search%3Adffb26907638df1b3051e4b2b5b9bc58&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={6}, journal={Theory and Society}, publisher={SpringerSpringer}, author={Pierre Bourdieu}, year={1985}, pages={723–744} }

@inbook{Pilkington_50_2003, address={Basingstoke}, title={Migration, race and ethnic diversity}, booktitle={Racial disadvantage and ethnic diversity in Britain}, publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}, author={Pilkington, Andrew and 50, 29}, year={2003} }

@inbook{Pitcher_2014, address={London}, title={Theorizing Racial Consumption}, booktitle={Consuming race}, publisher={Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group}, author={Pitcher, Ben}, year={2014}, pages={27–53} }

@article{Posner_2003, title={The Colonial Origins of Ethnic Cleavages: The Case of Linguistic Divisions in Zambia}, volume={35}, DOI={10.2307/4150148}, number={2}, journal={Comparative Politics}, author={Posner, Daniel N.}, year={2003}, month=jan }

@article{Prema Kurien_1994, title={Colonialism and Ethnogenesis: A Study of Kerala, India}, volume={23}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/657949?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=Colonialism&searchText=and&searchText=ethnogenesis&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100635%26amp%3BQuery%3DColonialism%2Band%2Bethnogenesis&refreqid=search%3A17cd3d280cd01bdc526a33e7d109dade&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={3}, journal={Theory and Society}, publisher={SpringerSpringer}, author={Prema Kurien}, year={1994}, pages={385–417} }

@inbook{Quinn_Strauss_1997, address={Cambridge}, title={Schema theory and connectionism}, volume={Publications of the Society for Psychological Anthropology}, url={https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139167000.004}, booktitle={A cognitive theory of cultural meaning}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Quinn, Naomi and Strauss, Claudia}, year={1997}, pages={48–84} }

@inbook{Reid_2009, address={Cambridge}, title={Chapter 4, ‘Malay (Melayu) and its descendants: Multiple meanings of a porous category’ in Imperial alchemy}, url={https://bris.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511691829}, booktitle={Imperial alchemy: nationalism and political identity in Southeast Asia}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Reid, Anthony}, year={2009}, pages={81–114} }

@inbook{Rex_1973a, address={London}, title={The Perception of the Immigrant in Metropolitan Society}, booktitle={Race, colonialism and the city}, publisher={Routledge and Kegan Paul}, author={Rex, John}, year={1973}, pages={81–92} }

@inbook{Rex_1973b, address={London}, title={Part 2, ‘Colonial migration to Britain 1945-70’, in Race, colonialism and the city}, booktitle={Race, colonialism and the city}, publisher={Routledge and Kegan Paul}, author={Rex, John}, year={1973}, pages={75–136} }

@inbook{Rex_1983a, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The social institutions of colonialism:  conquest and unfree labour}, booktitle={Race relations in sociological theory}, publisher={Routledge & Kegan Paul}, author={Rex, John}, year={1983}, pages={32–58} }

@inbook{Rex_1983b, address={London}, edition={2nd ed}, title={Chapter 1, ‘The theoretical problem stated’, chapter, 2, and chapter 7, ‘A working paradigm for race relations research’, in Race relations in sociological theory}, booktitle={Race relations in sociological theory}, publisher={Routledge & Kegan Paul}, author={Rex, John}, year={1983} }

@inbook{Rex_1986a, address={Milton Keynes}, title={Chapter 1, ‘Sociological concepts and the field of ethnic and race relations’ and chapter 2, ‘Race and ethnicity in sociological theory’, in Race and ethnicity}, volume={Concepts in the social sciences}, booktitle={Race and ethnicity}, publisher={Open University Press}, author={Rex, John}, year={1986} }

@inbook{Rex_1986b, address={Milton Keynes}, title={Class, Race and Ethnicity in the Metropolis}, volume={Concepts in the social sciences}, booktitle={Race and ethnicity}, publisher={Open University Press}, author={Rex, John}, year={1986}, pages={59–78} }

@inbook{Roediger_2007, address={London}, edition={Revised edition}, title={Irish-American workers and white racial formation in antebellum United States}, volume={Haymarket series}, booktitle={The wages of whiteness: race and the making of the American working class}, publisher={Verso}, author={Roediger, David}, year={2007}, pages={133–163} }

@article{Rogers Brubaker_2009, title={Ethnicity, Race, and Nationalism}, volume={35}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/27800067?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=(Brubaker,&searchText=%27Ethnicity,%20race,%20and%20nationalism%27&searchText=)&searchText=AND&searchText=jid:(j100663)&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100663%26amp%3BQuery%3DBrubaker%252C%2B%25E2%2580%2598Ethnicity%252C%2Brace%252C%2Band%2Bnationalism%25E2%2580%2599&refreqid=search%3Af40e4ac2e3a4020b7e161bd630a00d00&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, journal={Annual Review of Sociology}, publisher={Annual ReviewsAnnual Reviews}, author={Rogers Brubaker}, year={2009}, pages={21–42} }

@article{Rogers Brubaker, Mara Loveman and Peter Stamatov_2004, title={Ethnicity as Cognition}, volume={33}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/4144890?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=(Stamatov,&searchText=%27Ethnicity&searchText=as&searchText=cognition)&searchText=AND&searchText=jid:(j100635)&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100635%26amp%3BQuery%3DStamatov%252C%2B%25E2%2580%2598Ethnicity%2Bas%2Bcognition&refreqid=search%3A1d61f14aa0e07d87825138e1a434786c&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, number={1}, journal={Theory and Society}, publisher={SpringerSpringer}, author={Rogers Brubaker, Mara Loveman and Peter Stamatov}, year={2004}, pages={31–64} }

@article{Ronald Cohen_1978, title={Ethnicity: Problem and Focus in Anthropology}, volume={7}, url={http://www.jstor.org/stable/2155699?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=Cohen&searchText=Ethnicity:&searchText=Problem&searchText=and&searchText=focus&searchText=in&searchText=anthropology&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffilter%3Djid%253A10.2307%252Fj100476%26amp%3BQuery%3DCohen%2BEthnicity%253A%2BProblem%2Band%2Bfocus%2Bin%2Banthropology&refreqid=search%3A1f7f18fd23ca1b1354f4b3ae349541d0&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents}, journal={Annual Review of Anthropology}, publisher={Annual ReviewsAnnual Reviews}, author={Ronald Cohen}, year={1978}, pages={379–403} }

@inbook{Ross_2007, address={Cambridge}, title={Chapter 1, ‘Introduction:  Easy questions and hard answers, what are they fighting about?’, in Cultural contestation in ethnic conflict}, volume={Cambridge studies in comparative politics}, url={https://doi-org.bris.idm.oclc.org/10.1017/CBO9780511491115.002}, booktitle={Cultural contestation in ethnic conflict}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Ross, Marc Howard}, year={2007}, pages={1–29} }

@inbook{Rothschild_1981a, address={New York}, title={Ethnicity as a political phenomenon...}, booktitle={Ethnopolitics: a conceptual framework}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Rothschild, Joseph}, year={1981}, pages={11–31} }

@inbook{Rothschild_1981b, address={New York}, title={‘Introduction’, in Ethnopolitics: a conceptual framework}, booktitle={Ethnopolitics: a conceptual framework}, publisher={Columbia University Press}, author={Rothschild, Joseph}, year={1981} }

@article{RUANE_TODD_2004, title={The Roots of Intense Ethnic Conflict may not in fact be Ethnic: Categories, Communities and Path Dependence}, volume={45}, DOI={10.1017/S0003975604001432}, number={2}, journal={European Journal of Sociology}, author={RUANE, JOSEPH and TODD, JENNIFER}, year={2004}, month=aug, pages={209–232} }

@inbook{Said_2003, address={London}, edition={[New ed.]}, title={The scope of orientalism}, booktitle={Orientalism}, publisher={Penguin}, author={Said, Edward}, year={2003}, pages={29–112} }

@article{Saperstein_Penner_2012, title={Racial Fluidity and Inequality in the United States}, volume={118}, DOI={10.1086/667722}, number={3}, journal={American Journal of Sociology}, author={Saperstein, Aliya and Penner, Andrew M.}, year={2012}, month=nov, pages={676–727} }

@article{SCHOLTEN_HOLZHACKER_2009, title={Bonding, bridging and ethnic minorities in the Netherlands: changing discourses in a changing nation}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1111/j.1469-8129.2009.00350.x}, number={1}, journal={Nations and Nationalism}, author={SCHOLTEN, PETER and HOLZHACKER, RONALD}, year={2009}, month=jan, pages={81–100} }

@inbook{Scott_1998a, address={New Haven}, title={Cities, people, and language}, volume={Yale agrarian studies}, booktitle={Seeing like a state: how certain schemes to improve the human condition have failed}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Scott, James C.}, year={1998}, pages={53–83} }

@inbook{Scott_1998b, address={New Haven}, title={Part 1, ‘State projects of legibility and simplification’, in Seeing like a state: how certain schemes to improve the human condition have failed}, volume={Yale agrarian studies}, booktitle={Seeing like a state: how certain schemes to improve the human condition have failed}, publisher={Yale University Press}, author={Scott, James C.}, year={1998} }

@article{Sekulic_1997, title={The Creation and Dissolution of the Multinational State: The Case of Yugoslavia}, volume={3}, DOI={10.1111/j.1354-5078.1997.00165.x}, number={2}, journal={Nations and Nationalism}, author={Sekulic, Dusko}, year={1997}, month=july, pages={165–179} }

@book{Sharma_2006, address={Toronto}, title={Home economics : nationalism and the making of ‘migrant workers’ in Canada}, publisher={University of Toronto Press}, author={Sharma, Nandita Rani}, year={2006} }

@article{Simon_2008, title={The Choice of Ignorance: The Debate on Ethnic and Racial Statistics in France}, volume={26}, DOI={10.3167/fpcs.2008.260102}, number={1}, journal={French Politics, Culture & Society}, author={Simon, Patrick}, year={2008}, month=jan }

@inbook{Skrentny_2002a, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={We were advancing the really revolutionary view of discrimination}, booktitle={The minority rights revolution}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Skrentny, John}, year={2002}, pages={85–142} }

@inbook{Skrentny_2002b, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Chapter 5, ‘"In view of the existence of the other significant minorities”: The expansion of affirmative action for minority capitalists’, in The minority rights revolution}, booktitle={The minority rights revolution}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Skrentny, John}, year={2002}, pages={85–164} }

@inbook{Smith_1991, address={London}, title={The ethnic basis of national identity}, booktitle={National identity}, publisher={Penguin Books}, author={Smith, Anthony}, year={1991}, pages={19–42} }

@inbook{Solomos_1982, address={London}, title={The Organic Crisis of British Capitalism and Race: The Experience of the Seventies}, volume={Hutchinson university library}, booktitle={The Empire strikes back: race and racism in 70s Britain}, publisher={Hutchinson in association with the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham}, author={Solomos, John}, year={1982}, pages={9–46} }

@book{Solomos_Hill Collins_2010, address={Los Angeles, Calif}, title={The SAGE handbook of race and ethnic studies}, publisher={SAGE}, author={Solomos, John and Hill Collins, Patricia}, year={2010} }

@article{Song_2014, title={Challenging a culture of racial equivalence}, volume={65}, DOI={10.1111/1468-4446.12054}, number={1}, journal={The British Journal of Sociology}, author={Song, Miri}, year={2014}, month=mar, pages={107–129} }

@inbook{Soysal_1994a, address={Chicago, Ill}, title={Discourses and instruments of incorporation}, booktitle={Limits of citizenship: migrants and postnational membership in Europe}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Soysal, Yasemin Nuhoglu}, year={1994}, pages={45–64} }

@inbook{Soysal_1994b, address={Chicago, Ill}, title={Chapter 5, ‘The organization of incorporation’, in Limits of citizenship}, booktitle={Limits of citizenship: migrants and postnational membership in Europe}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Soysal, Yasemin Nuhoğlu}, year={1994} }

@article{Theo Goldberg_2006, title={Racial Europeanization}, volume={29}, DOI={10.1080/01419870500465611}, number={2}, journal={Ethnic and Racial Studies}, author={Theo Goldberg, David}, year={2006}, month=mar, pages={331–364} }

@article{Thompson_2001, title={Nations, National Identities and Human Agency: Putting People Back into Nations}, volume={49}, DOI={10.1111/1467-954X.00242}, number={1}, journal={The Sociological Review}, author={Thompson, Andrew}, year={2001}, month=feb, pages={18–32} }

@book{Todorova_2004, address={London}, title={Balkan identities: nation and memory}, publisher={Hurst & Company}, author={Todorova, Marii͡a Nikolaeva}, year={2004} }

@inbook{Van den Berghe_1967, address={Berkeley}, title={Chapter 6, ‘Socio-political conflicts: "Native Policy”’, in South Africa}, url={http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft5x0nb3tg&brand=ucpress}, booktitle={South Africa: a study in conflict}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Van den Berghe, Pierre L.}, year={1967}, pages={110–154} }

@inbook{Van den Berghe_1987, address={Westport, Connecticut}, title={Chapter 2, ‘Ethnicity as kin selection: The biology of nepotism’, in The ethnic phenomenon}, url={https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=496912}, booktitle={The ethnic phenomenon}, publisher={Praeger}, author={Van den Berghe, Pierre L.}, year={1987} }

@inbook{Van Dijk_1993, address={Newbury Park}, title={Political Discourse}, volume={Sage series on race and ethnic relations}, booktitle={Elite discourse and racism}, publisher={Sage}, author={Van Dijk, Teun A.}, year={1993}, pages={49–114} }

@article{Verkuyten_1995, address={Henley-on-Thames}, title={Construction of ethnic categories: discourses of ethnicity in the netherlands}, volume={18}, journal={Ethnic and racial studies}, publisher={Routledge & Kegan Paul}, author={Verkuyten, M.}, year={1995}, pages={251–276} }

@article{Vertovec_2007, title={Super-diversity and its implications}, volume={30}, DOI={10.1080/01419870701599465}, number={6}, journal={Ethnic and Racial Studies}, author={Vertovec, Steven}, year={2007}, month=nov, pages={1024–1054} }

@article{Vink_Bauböck_2013, title={Citizenship configurations: Analysing the multiple purposes of citizenship regimes in Europe}, volume={11}, DOI={10.1057/cep.2013.14}, number={5}, journal={Comparative European Politics}, author={Vink, Maarten Peter and Bauböck, Rainer}, year={2013}, month=sept, pages={621–648} }

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@inbook{Weber_1978a, address={Berkeley, Calif}, title={Ethnic Groups}, booktitle={Economy and society: an outline of interpretive sociology}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={Weber, Max}, year={1978}, pages={385–398} }

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@inbook{Wilson_1980a, address={Chicago}, edition={2nd ed}, title={The declining significance of race}, booktitle={The declining significance of race: Blacks and changing American institutions}, publisher={University of Chicago Press}, author={Wilson, Julius William}, year={1980}, pages={144–154} }

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@article{Wilson_2003, title={Race, class and urban poverty: A rejoinder}, volume={26}, DOI={10.1080/0141987032000132522}, number={6}, journal={Ethnic and Racial Studies}, author={Wilson, William Julius}, year={2003}, month=nov, pages={1096–1114} }

@inbook{Wimmer_2004a, address={London}, title={Dominant ethnicity and dominant nationhood}, booktitle={Rethinking ethnicity: majority groups and dominant minorities}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Wimmer, Andreas}, year={2004}, pages={40–58} }

@article{Wimmer_2004b, title={Does ethnicity matter? Everyday group formation in three Swiss immigrant neighbourhoods}, volume={27}, DOI={10.1080/0141987032000147922}, number={1}, journal={Ethnic and Racial Studies}, author={Wimmer, Andreas}, year={2004}, month=jan, pages={1–36} }

@article{Wimmer_2008, title={The Making and Unmaking of Ethnic Boundaries: A Multilevel Process Theory}, volume={113}, DOI={10.1086/522803}, number={4}, journal={American Journal of Sociology}, author={Wimmer, Andreas}, year={2008}, month=jan, pages={970–1022} }

@inbook{Young_1985, address={London}, title={Ethnicity and the colonial and post-colonial state in Africa}, booktitle={Ethnic groups and the state}, publisher={Croom Helm}, author={Young, Crawford}, year={1985}, pages={59–93} }

@inbook{Zerubavel_1997a, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={The sociology of the mind}, booktitle={Social mindscapes: an invitation to cognitive sociology}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Zerubavel, Eviatar}, year={1997}, pages={1–22} }

@inbook{Zerubavel_1997b, address={Cambridge, Mass}, title={Chapter 4, ‘The social division of the world’ in Social Mindscapes}, booktitle={Social mindscapes: an invitation to cognitive sociology}, publisher={Harvard University Press}, author={Zerubavel, Eviatar}, year={1997} }

@inbook{Discourse, power, and subjectivity_1992, address={New York}, booktitle={Mapping the language of racism: discourse and the legitimation of exploitation}, publisher={Harvester Wheatsheaf}, year={1992}, pages={58–87} }

@book{Davis_2017, address={New York}, edition={First edition}, title={Policing the Black man: arrest, prosecution, and imprisonment}, publisher={Pantheon Books, a division of Penguin Random House LLC}, year={2017} }

@misc{Welcome – Blackboard Learn, url={https://www.ole.bris.ac.uk/webapps/portal/execute/tabs/tabAction?tab_tab_group_id=_17_1} }

@misc{SOCIM3107 Unit Summary, url={https://www.bris.ac.uk/unit-programme-catalogue/UnitDetails.jsa?ayrCode=19%2F20&unitCode=SOCIM3107} }

@article{Ethnicities, url={http://journals.sagepub.com/loi/etn} }

@article{Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, url={http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cjms20} }

@article{Nations and Nationalism, url={http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1469-8129} }

@article{The International Migration Review, url={http://www.jstor.org/journal/intemigrrevi}, publisher={Center for Migration Studies of New York, Inc.} }

@article{Ethnic and Racial Studies, url={http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rers20} }

@article{Patterns of Prejudice, url={http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rpop20} }

@article{Social Identities, url={http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/csid20} }

@article{Racism, Crisis, Brexit, DOI={doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2017.1361544} }

@misc{Davidson_Howard, title={Migration and mobility (Beyond trafficking and slavery short course, volume 5)}, volume={5}, url={https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2lN4rGTopsabGFtZ2JkSmVmWFE/view}, publisher={openDemocracy} }