Bibliography for HIST10042: The Medieval World

1
Power D. The central Middle Ages: Europe 950-1320. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2006.

2
Barber M. Two cities: medieval Europe, 1050-1320. 2nd ed. London: : Routledge 2004.

3
Bartlett R. The making of Europe: conquest, colonization and cultural change, 950-1350. London: : Penguin 1994.

4
Wickham C. Medieval Europe. New Haven: : Yale University Press 2016.

5
Jordan WC. Europe in the High Middle Ages. London: : Penguin 2002.

6
Moore RI. The first European revolution, c. 970-1215. Oxford [England]: : Blackwell

7
Waley D. Later Medieval Europe 1250-1520. 3rd ed. Harlow: : Longman 2001.

8
Bull MG. Thinking medieval: an introduction to the study of the Middle Ages. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: : Palgrave Macmillan 2005.

9
Nelson JL, Linehan P. The medieval world. London: : Routledge 2001.

10
Le Goff J. The medieval world. London: : Parkgate Books 1997.

11
Loud GA, Staub M, editors. The making of medieval history. Woodbridge, Suffolk: : York Medieval Press 2017.

12
Alfonso I. Cistercians and Feudalism. Past & Present Published Online First: 19911101.https://www-jstor-org.bris.idm.oclc.org/stable/650765?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents

13
Bloch M. Feudal Society. Routledge 2014. https://www-taylorfrancis-com.bris.idm.oclc.org/books/9781315772165

14
Elizabeth A. R. Brown. The Tyranny of a Construct: Feudalism and Historians of Medieval Europe. The American Historical Review 19741001;79.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/atoztitles/link?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbris.worldcat.org%3Aworldcat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5545187895&rft_id=urn%3AISSN%3A0002-8762&rft.aulast=Elizabeth&rft.aufirst=A&rft.auinitm=Brown&rft.atitle=The+Tyranny+of+a+Construct%3A+Feudalism+and+Historians+of+Medieval+Europe&rft.jtitle=The+American+Historical+Review&rft.date=1974&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1063&rft.epage=1088&rft.issn=0002-8762&rft_dat=%7B%22stdrt1%22%3A%22ArtChap%22%2C%22stdrt2%22%3A%22Artcl%22%7D&req_id=info:rfa/oclc/institutions/132607&req_dat=&rfe_dat=5545187895

15
Barber M. Two cities: medieval Europe, 1050-1320. 2nd ed. London: : Routledge 2004.

16
Reynolds S. Fiefs and vassals: the medieval evidence reinterpreted. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1994. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1183111

17
Harvey S. The knight and the knight’s fee in England. Past and Present 1970;49. doi:10.1093/past/49.1.3

18
Brown RA. Origins of English feudalism. London: : Allen and Unwin 1973.

19
Holt JC. Feudalism Revisited. The Economic History Review 19610101;14.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/atoztitles/link?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbris.worldcat.org%3Aworldcat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5985171616&rft_id=urn%3AISSN%3A0013-0117&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=J&rft.auinitm=C&rft.atitle=Feudalism+Revisited&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+History+Review&rft.date=1961&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=333&rft.epage=340&rft.issn=0013-0117&rft_dat=%7B%22stdrt1%22%3A%22ArtChap%22%2C%22stdrt2%22%3A%22Artcl%22%7D&req_id=info:rfa/oclc/institutions/132607&req_dat=&rfe_dat=5985171616

20
Wood D. Medieval economic thought. Cambridge, UK: : Cambridge University Press 2002. https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/559081001

21
Pounds NJG. An economic history of medieval Europe. Second edition. Oxfordshire [England]: : Routledge 2013.

22
Lopez RS. The commercial revolution of the Middle Ages, 950-1350. Cambridge [England]: : Cambridge University Press

23
Latouche R, Wilkinson EM. The birth of the western economy: economic aspects of the Dark Ages. London: : Routledge 2006. https://www-taylorfrancis-com.bris.idm.oclc.org/books/9781315019659

24
Britnell RH. The commercialisation of English society, 1000-1500. 2nd ed. Manchester, UK: : Manchester University Press 1996.

25
Bolton JL. Money in the medieval English economy 973-1489. Manchester: : Manchester University Press

26
Duby G. The early growth of the European economy: warriors and peasants from the seventh to the twelfth century. Ithaca, N.Y.: : Cornell University Press 1974.

27
Duby G. Rural economy and country life in the Medieval west. Philadelphia, Penn: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1998.

28
Epstein S. An economic and social history of later medieval Europe, 1000-1500. Cambridge, England: : Cambridge University Press 2009.

29
Postan MM. The medieval economy and society: an economic history of Britain in the Middle Ages. Harmondsworth [England]: : Penguin 1975.

30
Davis J. Medieval market morality: life, law and ethics in the English marketplace, 1200-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. https://www-cambridge-org.bris.idm.oclc.org/core/books/medieval-market-morality/4572AE039F5DE449E70FE06EA1C9180A

31
Phillips JRS. The medieval expansion of Europe. 2nd ed. Oxford [England]: : Clarendon Press 1998.

32
Frankopan P. The First Crusade: the Call from the East. Cambridge, Mass: : Belknap Press of Harvard University Press 2012.

33
Blake EO. The Formation of the ‘Crusade Idea’. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 197001;21. doi:10.1017/S0022046900048429

34
France J. Victory in the East: a Military History of the First Crusade. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1994.

35
Phillips J. The Second Crusade: extending the frontiers of Christendom. New Haven [Conn.]: : Yale University Press

36
Blanks DR, Frassetto M. Western views of Islam in medieval and early modern Europe: perception of other. 1st ed. New York: : St. Martin’s Press 1999. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=308381

37
Kedar BZ. Crusade Historians and the Massacres of 1096. Jewish History 19981001;12.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/5542565437

38
Ḳedar BZ. Crusade and Mission: European Approaches Toward the Muslims. Princeton: : Princeton University Press 2014. https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/884013477

39
Lilie R-J. Byzantium and the crusader states, 1096-1204. Oxford: : Clarendon 1993. https://oxford-universitypressscholarship-com.bris.idm.oclc.org/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198204077.001.0001/acprof-9780198204077

40
Phillips J. Defenders of the Holy Land: relations between the Latin East and the West, 1119-1187. Oxford [England]: : Clarendon Press 1996.

41
Powell JM, editor. Muslims Under Latin Rule, 1100-1300. Princeton: : Princeton University Press 2014.

42
Riley-Smith J. The first crusade: and the idea of crusading. London: : Continuum

43
Harris J. Byzantium and the Crusades. London: : Hambledon and London 2003.

44
Prabhu M. Byzantium at War AD 600-1453. London: : Fitzroy Dearborn 2003.

45
Browning R. The Byzantine Empire. Rev. ed. Washington, D.C.: : Catholic University of America Press

46
Lawrence CH. Medieval monasticism : forms of religious life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. Third edition. London: : Routledge 2001.

47
The Investiture Controversy: Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century. University of Pennsylvania Press 1991.

48
Cushing KG. Reform and the papacy in the eleventh century: spirituality and social change. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2005.

49
Morris C. The papal monarchy: the Western church from 1050 to 1250. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: : Clarendon Press 1989. https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/55715459

50
Robinson IS. The papacy, 1073-1198: continuity and innovation. Cambridge [England]: : Cambridge University Press 1990.

51
Burton JE, Kerr J. The Cistercians in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: : Boydell Press 2011.

52
Constable G. The reformation of the twelfth century. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1996.

53
Rosenwein BH. Social Meaning in the Monastic and Mendicant Spiritualities. Past & Present Published Online First: 19740501.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/5549116945

54
Vauchez A, Cusato MF. Francis of Assisi: the life and afterlife of a medieval saint. 1st English ed. New Haven: : Yale University Press 2012.

55
Tellenbach G. The Church in western Europe from the tenth to the early twelfth century. Cambridge [England]: : Cambridge University Press 1993.

56
Howe J. Before the Gregorian reform: the Latin Church at the turn of the first millennium. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 2016.

57
Brooke CNL. Gregorian Reform in Action: Clerical Marriage in England, 1050-1200. The Cambridge Historical Journal 19560101;12.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/atoztitles/link?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbris.worldcat.org%3Aworldcat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5548995241&rft_id=urn%3AISSN%3A1474-6913&rft.aulast=Brooke&rft.aufirst=C&rft.auinitm=N&rft.atitle=Gregorian+Reform+in+Action%3A+Clerical+Marriage+in+England%2C+1050-1200&rft.jtitle=The+Cambridge+Historical+Journal&rft.date=1956&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.epage=21&rft.issn=1474-6913&rft_dat=%7B%22stdrt1%22%3A%22ArtChap%22%2C%22stdrt2%22%3A%22Artcl%22%7D&req_id=info:rfa/oclc/institutions/132607&req_dat=&rfe_dat=5548995241

58
Kaeuper RW. Chivalry and violence in medieval Europe. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2001.

59
Kaeuper RW. Medieval chivalry. Cambridge, United Kingdom: : Cambridge University Press 2016.

60
Keen M. Chivalry. New Haven: : Yale University Press 1984.

61
Christie N, Yazigi M. Noble ideals and bloody realities: warfare in the middle ages. Leiden: : Brill 2006. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=3004201

62
Barber RW. The knight and chivalry. Rev. ed. Woodbridge, Suffolk: : Boydell Press 1995.

63
Kaeuper RW. Holy warriors: the religious ideology of chivalry. Philadelphia, Pa: : University of Pennsylvania Press

64
Saul N. Chivalry in medieval England. First Harvard University Press edition. Cambridge, Mass: : Harvard University Press 2011.

65
Barker JRV. The tournament in England, 1100-1400. Woodbridge, Suffolk, England: : Boydell Press 1986.

66
Davies RR, Smith B. Lords and lordship in the British Isles in the late Middle Ages. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2009.

67
Amt E. Women’s lives in medieval Europe: a sourcebook. Second edition. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: : Routledge 2010.

68
Shahar S. Fourth Estate: a History of Women in the Middle Ages. 2nd ed. London: : Routledge 2003.

69
Stuard SM. Women in Medieval Society. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press, Inc 2012. https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/929156839

70
D’Avray DL. Medieval marriage: symbolism and society. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2005. https://oxford-universitypressscholarship-com.bris.idm.oclc.org/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208211.001.0001/acprof-9780198208211

71
Brooke CNL. The medieval idea of marriage. Oxford: : Clarendon 1994.

72
Brundage JA. Law, sex, and Christian society in medieval Europe. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1987.

73
Lees CA, Fenster TS, McNamara JA. Medieval masculinities: regarding men in the Middle Ages. Minneapolis: : University of Minnesota Press

74
Lewis KJ. Kingship and Masculinity in Late Medieval England. London: : Routledge 2013.

75
Karras RM. From boys to men: formations of masculinity in late medieval Europe. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press

76
Neal DG. The masculine self in late medieval England. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 2008.

77
Wei IP. Intellectual culture in medieval Paris: theologians and the university, c.1100-1330. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012.

78
Ridder-Symoens H de. A History of the university in Europe. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press

79
Pedersen O, North R. The First Universities: Studium Generale and the Origins of University Education in Europe. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1998.

80
Le Goff J. Intellectuals in the Middle Ages. Cambridge, MA: : Blackwell 1993.

81
BALDWIN JW. Scholastic culture of the middle ages,1000-13.

82
Birch DJ. Pilgrimage to Rome in the Middle Ages: continuity and change. Woodbridge, Suffolk: : Boydell Press 1998.

83
Freeman C. Holy bones, holy dust: how relics shaped the history of Medieval Europe. New Haven: : Yale University Press

84
Webb D. Medieval European pilgrimage, c.700-c.1500. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: : Palgrave 2002.

85
Abou-El-Haj BF. The medieval cult of saints: formations and transformations. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1994.

86
Brown M, Stevenson K, editors. Medieval St Andrews: church, cult, city. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: : Boydell Press 2017.

87
Webb D. Pilgrims and pilgrimage in the medieval West. London: : I.B. Tauris 1999.

88
Ward B. Relics and the medieval mind. International journal for the Study of the Christian Church;10. doi:10.1080/1474225X.2010.506763

89
Ward B. Miracles and the medieval mind: theory, record, and event, 1000-1215. Rev. ed. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1987.

90
Vauchez A. Sainthood in the later Middle Ages. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press

91
Bartlett R. Why can the dead do such great things?: saints and worshippers from the martyrs to the Reformation. Princeton, NJ: : Princeton University Press 2013.

92
Bartlett R. Rewriting Saints’ Lives: The Case of Gerald of Wales. Speculum 19830701;58.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/atoztitles/link?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbris.worldcat.org%3Aworldcat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5552828417&rft_id=urn%3AISSN%3A0038-7134&rft.aulast=Bartlett&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.atitle=Rewriting+Saints%27+Lives%3A+The+Case+of+Gerald+of+Wales&rft.jtitle=Speculum&rft.date=1983&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=598&rft.epage=613&rft.issn=0038-7134&rft_dat=%7B%22stdrt1%22%3A%22ArtChap%22%2C%22stdrt2%22%3A%22Artcl%22%7D&req_id=info:rfa/oclc/institutions/132607&req_dat=&rfe_dat=5552828417

93
Nilson BJ. Cathedral shrines of medieval England. Rochester, NY: : Boydell Press 1998.

94
Geary PJ. Living with the dead in the Middle Ages. Ithaca, N.Y.: : Cornell University Press 1994.

95
D’Avray DL. Medieval marriage sermons: mass communication in a culture without print. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2001.

96
Arnold J. Belief and unbelief in medieval Europe. London: : Hodder Arnold 2005.

97
Watkins CS. History and the Supernatural in Medieval England. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2008. https://www-cambridge-org.bris.idm.oclc.org/core/books/history-and-the-supernatural-in-medieval-england/87C68CB9578C4CCA14AEDAD6B0E4FC04

98
Kantorowicz EH. The king’s two bodies: a study in mediaeval political theology. Princeton, N.J.: : Princeton University Press 1997.

99
Maddicott JR. The origins of the English Parliament, 924-1327. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2010.

100
Barber M. The world picture of Philip the fair. Journal of Medieval History 1982;8.https://www-sciencedirect-com.bris.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/0304418182900045

101
Black A. Political thought in Europe, 1250-1450. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1992.

102
Hallam EM. Royal burial and the cult of kingship in France and England, 1060-1330. Journal of Medieval History 1982;8.https://www-sciencedirect-com.bris.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/0304418182900173

103
Gaposchkin MC. The making of Saint Louis: kingship, sanctity, and crusade in the later Middle Ages. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 2008. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=3138005

104
Bisson TN. The Problem of Feudal Monarchy: Aragon, Catalonia, and France. Speculum 19780701;53.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/5552650603

105
Carpenter DA. King, Magnates, and Society: The Personal Rule of King Henry III, 1234-1258. Speculum 19850101;60.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/5545522346

106
Prestwich M. English politics in the thirteenth century. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: : Macmillan 1990.

107
Ormrod WM. Political life in Medieval England, 1300-1450. Basingstoke: : Macmillan 1995.

108
C. Warren Hollister. The Rise of Administrative Kingship: Henry I and Philip Augustus. The American Historical Review 19781001;83.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/5545189048

109
Mason E. Norman kingship. Headstart History 1991.

110
Davis J. Medieval market morality: life, law and ethics in the English marketplace, 1200-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. https://www-cambridge-org.bris.idm.oclc.org/core/books/medieval-market-morality/4572AE039F5DE449E70FE06EA1C9180A

111
Palliser DM. The Cambridge urban history of Britain: Vol. 1: 600-1540. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press https://www-cambridge-org.bris.idm.oclc.org/core/books/cambridge-urban-history-of-britain/84215EF366540656B71D2B8AB4B5C3D3

112
Ewan EL. Town Life in Fourteenth-century Scotland. Edinburgh: : Edinburgh University Press 1990.

113
Brown M, Stevenson K, editors. Medieval St Andrews. Woodbridge: : Boydell & Brewer Ltd 2017.

114
Dyer C. Standards of living in the later Middle Ages: social change in England, c. 1200-1520. Cambridge [England]: : Cambridge University Press 1989.

115
Boone M. Urban Space and Political Conflict in Late Medieval Flanders. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 20020401;32.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/atoztitles/link?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbris.worldcat.org%3Aworldcat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5549048478&rft_id=urn%3AISSN%3A0022-1953&rft.aulast=Boone&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.atitle=Urban+Space+and+Political+Conflict+in+Late+Medieval+Flanders&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Interdisciplinary+History&rft.date=2002&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=621&rft.epage=640&rft.issn=0022-1953&rft_dat=%7B%22stdrt1%22%3A%22ArtChap%22%2C%22stdrt2%22%3A%22Artcl%22%7D&req_id=info:rfa/oclc/institutions/132607&req_dat=&rfe_dat=5549048478

116
Lilley KD. Urban life in the Middle Ages, 1000-1450. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: : Palgrave 2002.

117
Waley DP. Siena and the Sienese in the thirteenth century. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1991.

118
Davis J. Medieval market morality: life, law and ethics in the English marketplace, 1200-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. https://www-cambridge-org.bris.idm.oclc.org/core/books/medieval-market-morality/4572AE039F5DE449E70FE06EA1C9180A

119
Hilton RH. English and French Towns in Feudal Society: a Comparative Study. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1992.

120
Lynch M, editor. Scottish Mediaeval Town. Edinburgh: : John Donald Publishers Ltd 1988.

121
Lilley KD. City and cosmos: the medieval world in urban form. London: : Reaktion Books 2009.

122
Hutton R. Medieval or Early Modern: the Value of a Traditional Historical Division. Newcastle upon Tyne: : Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2015.

123
Reuter T, Nelson JL. Medieval polities and modern mentalities. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press

124
Phillips JRS. The medieval expansion of Europe. 2nd ed. Oxford [England]: : Clarendon Press 1998.

125
Jackson P. The Mongols and the West, 1221-1410. Harlow, England: : Pearson Longman

126
Aigle D. The Mongol Empire between Myth and Reality: Studies in Anthropological History. Leiden: : Brill https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1826879

127
Campbell MB. The witness and the other world: exotic European travel writing, 400-1600. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 1991.

128
Polo M, Cliff N. The travels. United Kingdom: : Penguin Classics 2016.

129
Park K. The meanings of natural diversity: Marco Polo on the ‘division’ of the world. In: Texts and contexts in ancient and medieval science: studies on the occasion of John E. Murdoch’s seventieth birthday. Leiden: : Brill 1997. 134–47.

130
Jackson P. Christians, barbarians and monsters: the European discovery of the world beyond Islam. In: The medieval world. London: : Routledge 2001. 93–110.

131
Internet Medieval Sourcebook (Fordham). https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/sbook.asp

132
Manchester Medieval sources online. https://www-manchesterhive-com.bris.idm.oclc.org/page/mmso/manchester-medieval-sources-online

133
Global Medieval Sourcebook. http://sourcebook.stanford.edu/

134
The Online Medieval & Classical Library. http://mcllibrary.org/

135
Halsall P, editor. Internet Medieval Sourcebook – The Crusades. 1997.http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook1k.asp

136
Comnena A, Sewter ERA, Frankopan P. The Alexiad. Revised edition. London: : Penguin Books 2009.

137
Hill RMT. The deeds of the Franks and the other pilgrims to Jerusalem. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1972.

138
Peters E. The First Crusade: the chronicle of Fulcher of Chartres and other source materials. 2nd ed. Philadelphia [Pa.]: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1998. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt3fhh0t

139
Sweetenham C, Robert. Robert the Monk’s History of the First Crusade =: Historia iherosolimitana. Aldershot: : Ashgate 2005.

140
Blake EO. The Formation of the ?Crusade Idea? The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1970;21:11–31. doi:10.1017/S0022046900048429

141
M. B. The roots of lay enthusiasm for the First Crusade’. History;78.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1468-229X

142
Bull MG. Knightly piety and the lay response to the First Crusade: the Limousin and Gascony, c.970-c.1130. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1993.

143
Cole PJ. The preaching of the Crusades to the Holy Land, 1095-1270. Cambridge, Mass: : Medieval Academy of America 1991.

144
H.E.J., C. Pope Urban II’s preaching of the First Crusade’. History;55.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1468-229X

145
France J. Victory in the East: a military history of the First Crusade. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1994. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/victory-in-the-east/278773A97930FBE92934D35A133545E6

146
Holt PM. The age of the Crusades: the Near East from the eleventh century to 1517. London: : Longman 1986.

147
Mayer HE. The crusades. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1988.

148
Phillips J, Deus Vult : the Origins and Impact of the First Crusade (Conference). The First Crusade: origins and impact. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1997.

149
Newhall RA. The Crusades. New York: : Holt, Rinehart & Winston 1963.

150
Riley-Smith JSC. What were the crusades? 4th ed. Basingstoke: : Palgrave Macmillan 2009.

151
Riley-Smith JSC. The Atlas of the Crusades. London: : Times 1991.

152
Riley-Smith JSC. The Crusades: a short history. London: : Athlone 1987.

153
Riley-Smith JSC. The First Crusade and the idea of crusading. London: : Athlone Press 1986.

154
Riley-Smith JSC. The first crusaders, 1095-1131. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1997.

155
Riley-Smith JSC. The Oxford illustrated history of the Crusades. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1995.

156
Articles on the Crusades’, De Re Militari – Online Resources for Medieval Military History. https://deremilitari.org/tag/crusades/

157
Paul C. Crusades’, The Orb: online reference book for Medieval Studies. https://the-orb.arlima.net/

158
Burgess GS, Busby K, Marie. The Lais of Marie de France. 2nd ed. with two further lais in the original Old French. London: : Penguin 1999.

159
Marie de France: Lais. http://users.clas.ufl.edu/jshoaf/Marie/

160
Marie, de France, active 12th century. French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays of Marie de France. http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11417?msg=welcome_stranger

161
Parry JJ, Andreas Capellanus. The art of courtly love. New York: : Columbia University Press 1960.

162
Owen DDR, Chrétien. Arthurian romances. London: : Dent 1987.

163
Fiero GK, Allain M, Pfeffer W. Three medieval views of women: La contenance des fames. Le bien des fames. Le blasme des fames. New Haven, [Conn.]: : Yale University Press 1989.

164
Horgan F, Guillaume, Jean. The romance of the rose. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1994.

165
Spiegel H, Marie. Fables. Toronto: : University of Toronto Press 1987.

166
O’Donoghue B. The courtly love tradition. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1982.

167
Shapiro NR, Wadsworth JB. The Comedy of Eros: medieval French guides to the art of love. Urbana: : University of Illinois press 1971.

168
Clifford P. Love and the supernatural: Lanval, Yonec, Bisclavret. In: Marie de France: Lais. London: : Grant & Cutler 1982. 55–68.

169
Baldwin JW. Aristocratic life in medieval France: the romances of Jean Renart and Gerbert de Montreuil, 1190-1230. Baltimore, Md: : Johns Hopkins University Press 2000.

170
Bloch RH. The anonymous Marie de France. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 2003.

171
E. Jane B. Courtly Love: Who Needs It? Recent Feminist Work in the Medieval French Tradition. ;:23–57.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/atoztitles/link?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbris.worldcat.org%3Aworldcat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5548313078&rft_id=urn%3AISSN%3A0097-9740&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=E&rft.auinitm=Jane&rft.atitle=Courtly+Love%3A+Who+Needs+It%3F+Recent+Feminist+Work+in+the+Medieval+French+Tradition&rft.jtitle=Signs&rft.date=2001&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.epage=57&rft.issn=0097-9740&rft_dat=%7B%22stdrt1%22%3A%22ArtChap%22%2C%22stdrt2%22%3A%22Artcl%22%7D&req_id=info:rfa/oclc/institutions/132607&req_dat=&rfe_dat=5548313078

172
Ferrante, J.M. The education of women in the middle ages in theory, fact, and fantasy. In: Beyond their sex: learned women of the European past. New York: : New York University Press 1980. 9–42.

173
J., F. The French courtly poet: Marie de France’. In: Medieval women writers. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1984.

174
J. M de F. Marie de France’. In: A New history of French literature. Cambridge, Mass: : Harvard University Press 1989.

175
Ferrante JM. Woman as image in medieval literature: from the twelfth century to Dante. New York: : Columbia University Press 1975.

176
Stephens FC, University of Texas at Austin. Humanities Research Center. The Hartley Coleridge letters: a calendar and index. [Austin]: : Humanities Research Center, University of Texas at Austin 1978. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3175563?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

177
Freeman M. The power of sisterhood: Marie de Frances Le Fresne. In: Women and power in the Middle Ages. Athens, Ga: : University of Georgia Press 1988. 250–64.

178
Mickel EJ. Marie de France. New York: : Twayne 1974.

179
O’Donoghue B. The courtly love tradition. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1982.

180
Paul B. The Lais of Marie de France Study Guide’, Washington State University – Department of English. https://brians.wsu.edu/2016/10/17/the-lais-of-marie-de-france-12th-century/

181
Abelard P, Héloïse. The letters of Abelard and Heloise. [Rev ed.]. London: : Penguin 2003.

182
Peter Abelard: Historia Calamitatum. http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/basis/abelard-histcal.asp

183
Benton JF. Consciousness of self and perceptions of individuality. In: Renaissance and renewal in the twelfth century. Cambridge, Mass: : Harvard University Press 1982. 263–95.

184
Benton JF. Fraud, Fiction and Borrowing in the Correspondence of Abelard and Heloise. In: Pierre Abélard, Pierre le Vénérable: les courants philosophiques, littéraires et artistiques en Occident au milieu du XIIe siècle ; [actes et mémoires du Colloque international], Abbaye de Cluny, 2 au 9 juillet 1972. Paris: : Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique 1975. 469–511.

185
Benton JF, Prosperetti FE. The style of the Historia Calamitatum. Viator 1975;6.

186
Brooke CNL. The twelfth century renaissance. London: : Thames and Hudson 1969.

187
Brooke CNL. The medieval idea of marriage. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205043.001.0001

188
Bynum CW. Did the Twelfth Century Discover the Individual? The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1980;31:1–17. doi:10.1017/S0022046900036186

189
Bynum CW. Jesus as mother: studies in the spirituality of the High Middle Ages. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1982.

190
Clanchy MT. Abelard: a medieval life. Oxford: : Blackwell 1997.

191
Clanchy M. Documenting the self: Abelard and the individual in history*. Historical Research 2003;76:293–309. doi:10.1111/1468-2281.00177

192
Constable G, Peter. The letters of Peter the Venerable. Cambridge, Mass: : Harvard University Press 1967.

193
Dronke P. Women writers of the Middle Ages: a critical study of texts from Perpetua (d.203) to Marguerite Porete (d.1310). Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1984.

194
Dronke P. Abelard and Heloise in medieval testimonies. [Glasgow]: : University of Glasgow Press 1976.

195
Gilson E. Heloise and Abelard. Ann Arbor: : University of Michigan Press 1960.

196
Haskins CH. The renaissance of the twelfth century. Cleveland, Ohio: : Meridian Books 1957.

197
Knowles D, Luscombe DE, Brooke CNL. The evolution of medieval thought. 2nd ed. London: : Longman 1988.

198
Leclercq J. Modern Psychology and the Interpretation of Medieval Texts. Speculum 1973;48:476–90. doi:10.2307/2854444

199
Luscombe DE. Peter Abelard. London: : Historical Association 1979.

200
D., L. From Paris to the Paraclete: The Correspondence of Abelard and Heloise’. Proceedings of the British Academy 74 1988;:247–83.

201
McLaughlin MM. Abelard as autobiographer: the motives and meaning of his Story of Calamities. Speculum 1967;42:463–88.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/atoztitles/link?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbris.worldcat.org%3Aworldcat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5552827433&rft_id=urn%3AISSN%3A0038-7134&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.auinitm=M&rft.atitle=Abelard+as+Autobiographer%3A+The+Motives+and+Meaning+of+His+%22Story+of+Calamities%22&rft.jtitle=Speculum&rft.date=1967&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=463&rft.epage=488&rft.issn=0038-7134&rft_dat=%7B%22stdrt1%22%3A%22ArtChap%22%2C%22stdrt2%22%3A%22Artcl%22%7D&req_id=info:rfa/oclc/institutions/132607&req_dat=&rfe_dat=5552827433

202
M.M., M. Peter Abelard and the dignity of women: twelfth century "feminism” in theory and practice’. In: Pierre Abélard, Pierre le Vénérable: les courants philosophiques, littéraires et artistiques en Occident au milieu du XIIe siècle ; [actes et mémoires du Colloque international], Abbaye de Cluny, 2 au 9 juillet 1972. Paris: : Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique 1975.

203
G M. Wholly guilty, wholly innocent”: self-definition in Heloise’s letters to Abelard’. In: Dear sister: medieval women and the epistolary genre. Philadelphia, Pa: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1993.

204
Mews CJ. The lost love letters of Heloise and Abelard: perceptions of dialogue in twelfth-century France. New York: : Palgrave 2001.

205
Morris, C. The search for the self. In: The discovery of the individual, 1050-1200. Toronto: : University of Toronto Press, in association with the Medieval Academy of America 1987. 64–95.

206
Muckle, J. T. Abelard’s Letter of Consolation to a Friend (Historia Calamitatum). Mediæval Studies 1950;12:163–213.

207
B R. The French scholar-lover: Heloise’. In: Medieval women writers. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1984.

208
Southern RW. The Letters of Abelard and Heloise. In: Medieval humanism and other studies. Oxford: : Blackwell 1970. 86–104.

209
BBC Radio 4 - In Our Time, Abelard and Heloise. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p003k9c7

210
Rachel, G. A 12th Century love affair - OpenLearn - Open University. http://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/history/12th-century-love-affair

211
S K. Peter Abelard, 1079-1142. http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/abelard_b.html

212
Internet History Sourcebooks. http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook1r.asp#11th-12th%20Century%20Thought

213
Abelard and Heloise - A New Musical. http://www.abelardandheloise.com/Home.html

214
Abelard and Heloise - A Musical Drama. http://abelardandheloise.net/

215
Magna Carta. http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/sbook1n.asp#Parliamentary Origins in England

216
Magna Carta :: Treasures in Full. http://www.bl.uk/treasures/magnacarta/index.html

217
Magna Carta. http://www.bl.uk/magna-carta

218
Goldman L, Beijing da xue, Retrospect and prospect (Conference). Magna Carta: history, context and influence : papers delivered at Peking University on the 800th anniversary of Magna Carta. Paperback edition. London: : Institute of Historical Research 2018.

219
Loengard JS, editor. Magna Carta and the England of King John. Woodbridge, Suffolk: : The Boydell Press 2010. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7722/j.ctt9qdgws

220
HOLT JC. The Barons and the Great Charter. The English Historical Review 1955;LXX:1–24. doi:10.1093/ehr/LXX.CCLXXIV.1

221
Painter S. Magna Carta. The American Historical Review 1947;53.https://www-jstor-org.bris.idm.oclc.org/stable/1843678?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents

222
Carpenter DA. Archbishop Langton and Magna Carta: His Contribution, His Doubts and His Hypocrisy. The English Historical Review 2011;CXXVI:1041–65. doi:10.1093/ehr/cer258

223
Carpenter D. Magna Carta. London, England: : Penguin Books 2015.

224
Barlow F. The feudal kingdom of England, 1042-1216. 5th ed. London: : Longman 1999.

225
Carpenter DA. The struggle for mastery: Britain, 1066-1284. London: : Penguin 2004.

226
Church SD. King John: new interpretations. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1999.

227
Gillingham J. The Angevin Empire. 2nd ed. London: : Arnold 2001.

228
Holt JC. Magna Carta. 2nd ed. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1992.

229
Holt JC. The origins of Magna Carta. In: Magna Carta and medieval government. London: : Hambledon Press 1984. 123–78.

230
Painter S. The reign of King John. Baltimore: : Johns Hopkins Press 1949.

231
Bautier R-H. The economic development of medieval Europe. London: : Thames and Hudson 1971.

232
Bolton JL. Money in the medieval English economy 973-1489. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2012.

233
Britnell RH. The commercialisation of English Society, 1000-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1993.

234
Cipolla CM. The Fontana economic history of Europe: 1: The middle ages. London: : Collins/Fontana 1972.

235
Darby HC. Domesday England. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1977.

236
Duby G. The early growth of the European economy: warriors and peasants from the seventh to the twelfth century. London: : Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1974.

237
Duby G. Rural economy and country life in the medieval West. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1998.

238
Epstein S. An economic and social history of later medieval Europe, 1000-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2009.

239
L., G. On the evidence of growth of population in the West from the 11th to the 13th century’. In: Change in medieval society: Europe north of the Alps, 1050-1500. Toronto: : University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America 1988.

240
Gimpel J. The medieval machine: the industrial revolution of the Middle Ages. 2nd ed. Aldershot: : Wildwood House 1988.

241
Latouche R, Wilkinson EM, Grierson P. The Birth of the Western economy: Economic Aspects of the Dark Ages. London: : Routledge 2006. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315019659

242
Lopez RS. The Growth of Self-Centred Agriculture. In: The Commercial Revolution of the Middle Ages, 950–1350. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1976. 27–55.http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511583933

243
Postan MM. Population. In: The medieval economy and society: an economic history of Britain in the Middle Ages. London: : Penguin Books 1975. 30–44.

244
Pounds NJG. An economic history of medieval Europe. 2nd ed. London: : Longman 1994. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315844008

245
White LT. Medieval technology and social change. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1962.

246
Bouchard CB. Sword, miter, and cloister: nobility and the church in Burgundy, 980-1198. Ithaca,N.Y.: : Cornell University Press 1987.

247
Brooke CNL. The monastic world, 1000-1300. New York: : Random House 1974.

248
Bruce SG. Silence and sign language in medieval monasticism: the Cluniac tradition c. 900-1200. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2007. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/silence-and-sign-language-in-medieval-monasticism/24F1883B33891602C2DAFF8F40B4272B

249
Burton JE. Medieval monasticism: monasticism in the medieval West : from its origins to the coming of the friars. Witney: : Headstart History 1996.

250
Constable G. Cluny from the tenth to the twelfth centuries: further studies. Aldershot: : Ashgate 2000.

251
Cowdrey HEJ. The Cluniacs and the Gregorian reform. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1970.

252
Cowdrey HEJ. Unions and Confraternity with Cluny. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1965;16:152–62. doi:10.1017/S0022046900053987

253
Hunt N. Cluny under Saint Hugh, 1049-1109. [place of publication not identified]: : Edward Arnold 1967.

254
Hunt N. Cluniac monasticism in the central Middle Ages. London: : Macmillan 1971.

255
Iogna-Prat D. Order & exclusion: Cluny and Christendom face heresy, Judaism, and Islam (1000-1150). Ithaca, N.Y.: : Cornell University Press 2002.

256
D., K. Cistercians and Cluniacs: the controversy between St Bernard and Peter the Venerable. In: The historian and character, and other essays. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1963.

257
Lawrence CH. Medieval monasticism: forms of religious life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. 3rd ed. Harlow, England: : Pearson Education 2001.

258
Rosenwein BH. Feudal War and Monastic Peace: Cluniac Liturgy as Ritual Aggression. Viator 1972;2:129–58.

259
Rosenwein BH. To be the neighbor of Saint Peter: the social meaning of Cluny’s property, 909-1049. Ithaca, N.Y.: : Cornell University Press 1989.

260
Bates D. Normandy before 1066. London: : Longman 1982.

261
Chibnall M. The debate on the Norman Conquest. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1999.

262
Chibnall M. The world of Orderic Vitalis. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1984.

263
Chibnall M, Ordericus Vitalis. The ecclesiastical history: Vol.2: Books III and IV. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1969.

264
Davis RHC. The Normans and their myth. London: : Thames and Hudson 1976.

265
Douglas DC. The Norman achievement, 1050-1100. London: : Eyre & Spottiswoode 1969.

266
Haskins CH. The Normans in European history. New York: : Ungar 1959.

267
Van Houts EMC. The Normans in Europe. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2000.

268
Le Patourel J. The Norman empire. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1976.

269
Loud G. ‘How "Norman” was the Norman conquest of Southern Italy?’. Nottingham medieval studies 1981;25.

270
G., L. The Gens Normannorum – myth or reality? In: Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies 4, 1981. Woodbridge: : Boydell 1982.

271
Loud GA. The age of Robert Guiscard: Southern Italy and the Norman conquest. London: : Routledge 2013. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315846224

272
Loyn HR. The Norman Conquest. 3rd ed. London: : Hutchinson 1982.

273
Matthew D. The Norman kingdom of Sicily. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1992. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139167741

274
Norwich JJ. The Normans in the South, 1016-1130. London: : Longmans 1967.

275
Norwich JJ. The kingdom in the sun 1130-1194. Harlow: : Longmans 1970.

276
C., P. Atque unum ex diversis gentibus populum effecit: Historical Tradition and the Norman Identity’. In: Anglo-Norman studies XXXII: proceedings of the Battle Conference 2009. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2010.

277
Searle E. Predatory kinship and the creation of Norman power, 840-1066. Berkeley, Calif: : University of California Press 1988.

278
Shopkow, L. The Purpose of History. In: History and community: Norman historical writing in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Washington, D.C: : Catholic University of America Press 1997. 173–211.

279
Webber N. The evolution of Norman identity, 911-1154. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2005.

280
Wolf KB. Making history: the Normans and their historians in eleventh-century Italy. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1995.

281
Latham AJH, Anderson BL. The Market in history: papers presented at a symposium held 9-13 September 1984 at St George’s House, Windsor Castle, under the auspices of the Liberty Fund. London: : Croom Helm 1986.

282
Aston TH. The Origins of the Manor in England. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 1958;8. doi:10.2307/3678909

283
Barber M. The two cities: medieval Europe, 1050-1320. 2nd ed. London: : Routledge 2004.

284
Beresford M. New towns of the Middle Ages: town plantation in England, Wales and Gascony. London: : Lutterworth Press 1967.

285
Britnell RH, Campbell BMS. A Commercialising economy: England 1086 to c. 1300. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1995.

286
Britnell RH. The commercialisation of English society, 1000 - 1500. 2nd ed. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1996.

287
Duby G. Rural economy and country life in the medieval West. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1998.

288
Dyer, C.,, Lords. Peasants and the Development of the Manor. In: England and Germany in the High Middle Ages. London: : German Historical Institute 1996.

289
Dyer C. Standards of living in the later Middle Ages: social change in England c.1200-1520. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1989. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139167697

290
Epstein S. An economic and social history of later medieval Europe, 1000-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2009.

291
Genicot L. Rural communities in the medieval West. Baltimore: : Johns Hopkins University Press 1990.

292
Hallam HE. Rural England 1066-1348. [London]: : Fontana 1981.

293
Hanawalt BA. The ties that bound: peasant families in medieval England. New York: : Oxford University Press 1986.

294
John Hatcher. English Serfdom and Villeinage: Towards a Reassessment. Past & Present 1981;:3–39.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/4639894699

295
Miller E, Hatcher J. Medieval England: rural society and economic change, 1086-1348. London: : Longman 1978.

296
R. H. Hilton. Medieval Market Towns and Simple Commodity Production. Past & Present 1985;:3–23.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/4639880706

297
R. H. Hilton. Freedom and Villeinage in England. Past & Present 1965;:3–19.http://www.jstor.org/stable/650099

298
Hyams PR. King, lords and peasants in medieval England: the common law of villeinage in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Oxford: : Clarendon Press

299
J., M. Town and country in the transition to capitalism. In: The transition from feudalism to capitalism. London: : Verso 1978.

300
Nicholas D. The growth of the medieval city: from late antiquity to the early fourteenth century. London: : Longman 1997.

301
J.J.N., P. The Domesday Manor. In: Domesday studies: papers read at the Novocentenary Conference of the Royal Historical Society and the Institute of British Geographers, Winchester, 1986. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1987.

302
Platt C. The English medieval town. London: : Paladin 1979.

303
Postan MM. The medieval economy and society: an economic history of Britain in the Middle Ages. London: : Penguin Books 1975.

304
Pounds NJG. An economic history of medieval Europe. 2nd ed. London: : Longman 1994. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315844008

305
Razi Z. Life, marriage and death in a medieval parish: economy, society and demography in Halesowen, 1270-1400. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1980.

306
Razi Z, Smith RM. Medieval society and the manor court. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1996. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201908.001.0001

307
Reynolds S. An introduction to the history of English medieval towns. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1977.

308
P S. Critique. In: The transition from feudalism to capitalism. London: : Verso 1978.

309
Phillipp R. Schofield. Peasants and the Manor Court: Gossip and Litigation in a Suffolk Village at the Close of the Thirteenth Century. Past & Present 1998;:3–42.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/4897947712

310
Titow JZ. English rural society 1200-1350. London: : Allen & Unwin 1969.

311
Barraclough G. The medieval papacy. London: : Thames & Hudson 1968.

312
Blumenthal U-R. The investiture controversy: church and monarchy from the ninth to the twelfth century. Philadelphia [Pa.]: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1988. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt3fht77

313
Brooke CNL. Europe in the central Middle Ages, 962-1154. 3rd ed. Harlow, England: : Longman 2000.

314
Cowdrey HEJ. Pope Gregory VII, 1073-1085. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1998. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206460.001.0001

315
Cushing KG. Reform and papacy in the eleventh century: spirituality and social change. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2005.

316
Cowdrey HEJ. The Cluniacs and the Gregorian reform. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1970.

317
Emerton E, Pope Gregory VII. The correspondence of Pope Gregory VII. 1966.

318
K., L. The polemics of the papal revolution. In: Trends in medieval political thought. Oxford: : Blackwell 1965.

319
Morris C. The papal monarchy: the Western church from 1050 to 1250. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1989. doi:10.1093/0198269250.001.0001

320
ROBINSON IS. GREGORY VII AND THE SOLDIERS OF CHRIST. History 1973;58:169–92. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1973.tb01281.x

321
Robinson IS. The Papacy, 1073-1198: continuity and innovation. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1990. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139167772

322
Robinson IS. Henry IV of Germany 1056–1106. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511496592

323
Robinson IS. The papal reform of the eleventh century: lives of Pope Leo IX and Pope Gregory VII. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2004.

324
Southern RW. The making of the Middle Ages. London: : Pimlico 1993.

325
Southern RW. Western society and the Church in the Middle Ages. London: : Penguin 1990.

326
Tierney B. The crisis of church and state 1050-1300. Englewood Cliffs [N.J.]: : Prentice-Hall 1964.

327
Ullmann W. A short history of the Papacy in the Middle Ages. London: : Methuen 1972.

328
Barlow F. The Norman Conquest and beyond. London: : Hambledon Press 1983.

329
Bernstein DJ. The mystery of the Bayeux Tapestry. London: : Weidenfeld and Nicolson 1986.

330
Bradbury J. The Battle of Hastings. Stroud: : Sutton 1998.

331
Brooks NP, Walker HE. The Authority and Interpretation of the Bayeux Tapestry. In: The study of the Bayeux Tapestry. Woodbridge: : Boydell 1997. 63–92.

332
R.A., B. The Battle of Hastings. In: Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies 3, 1980. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1981.

333
Brown SA. The Bayeux Tapestry: history and bibliography. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1988.

334
Chibnall M. The debate on the Norman Conquest. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1999.

335
H.E.J., C. Towards an interpretation of the Bayeux Tapestry’. In: Proceedings of the Battle conference 1985. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1988.

336
Douglas DC. William the Conqueror: the Norman impact upon England. London: : Methuen in association with Eyre & Spottiswoode 1969.

337
Douglas DC, Greenaway GW. English historical documents. 2nd ed. London: : Eyre Methuen 1981.

338
Foys MK, Overbey KE, Terkla D. The Bayeux tapestry: new interpretations. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2009.

339
Gameson R. The study of the Bayeux Tapestry. Woodbridge: : Boydell 1997.

340
Grape W. The Bayeux Tapestry: monument to a Norman triumph. Munich: : Prestel 1994.

341
Lewis S. Narrative Strategies and Visible Signs. In: The rhetoric of power in the Bayeux tapestry. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1999. 30–73.

342
M., O. 1066: the Moment of Transition in two narratives of the Norman Conquest’. https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/5545598792

343
Pastan EC, White SD. Problematizing Patronage: Odo of Bayeux and the Bayeux Tapestry. In: The Bayeux tapestry: new interpretations. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2009. 288–325.

344
Stafford P. The origins of the Norman Conquest. Huddersfield: : University of Huddersfield 1992.

345
Wilson DM. The Bayeux Tapestry: the complete tapestry in colour. London: : Thames and Hudson 1985.

346
Werkmeister OK. The political ideology of the Bayeux Tapestry. Studi medievali 1976;17.

347
Isabel Alfonso. Cistercians and Feudalism. Past & Present 1991;:3–30.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/4639905222

348
Bloch M, Manyon LA, Koziol G. Feudal society. London: : Routledge 2014. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315772165

349
Barber M. The two cities: medieval Europe, 1050-1320. 2nd ed. London: : Routledge 2004.

350
Brown EAR. The Tyranny of a Construct: Feudalism and Historians of Medieval Europe. The American Historical Review 1974;79.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/4646539834

351
Brown RA. Origins of English feudalism. London: : Allen and Unwin 1973.

352
J., C. Observations on the government of England from the tenth to the twelfth centuries. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 1975;Fifth Series 25:39–54.

353
Chibnall M. Anglo-Norman England 1066-1166. Oxford: : Blackwell 1986.

354
Chibnall M. The debate on the Norman Conquest. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1999.

355
Clanchy MT. England and its rulers, 1066-1272: foreign lordship and national identity. London: : Fontana Press 1983.

356
Fleming R. Kings and Lords in conquest England. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1991. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511560224

357
Ganshof, F. L. Vassalage and the Norms of Medieval Social Relations. In: Feudalism. London: : Longman 1964. 69–105.

358
Garnett G. Conquered England: kingship, succession, and tenure, 1066-1166. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2007. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207931.001.0001

359
Golding B. Conquest and colonisation: the Normans in Britain, 1066-1100. Second edition. Basingstoke: : Palgrave Macmillan 2013.

360
Green JA. The government of England under Henry I. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1986. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511560248

361
Green JA. The aristocracy of Norman England. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1997.

362
Holt JC. Domesday studies: papers read at the Novocentenary Conference of the Royal Historical Society and the Institute of British Geographers, Winchester, 1986. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1987.

363
Holt JC. Colonial England, 1066-1215. London: : Hambledon 1997.

364
Sally Harvey. The Knight and the Knight’s Fee in England. Past & Present 1970;:3–43.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/4639886025

365
J. C. Holt. Politics and Property in Early Medieval England. Past & Present 1972;:3–52.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/5549162215

366
Prestwich M. English politics in the thirteenth century. Basingstoke: : Macmillan Education 1990.

367
Reynolds S. Vassalage and the Norms of Medieval Social Relations. In: Fiefs and vassals: the medieval evidence reinterpreted. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1994. 17–47.

368
Thomas HM. The English and the Normans: ethnic hostility, assimilation, and identity, 1066-c.1220. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2003. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199251230.001.0001

369
S.L., W. The Third Century of English Feudalism. In: Thirteenth Century England, VII: proceedings of the Durham conference, 1997. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1999.

370
Kienzle BM, James BS, Bernard. The letters of St. Bernard of Clairvaux. Thrupp, Stroud: : Sutton Publishing 1998.

371
Some Letters of Saint Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux - Christian Classics Ethereal Library. http://www.ccel.org/ccel/bernard/letters.html

372
Bouchard CB. Holy entrepreneurs: Cistercians, knights, and economic exchange in twelfth-century Burgundy. Ithaca, N.Y.: : Cornell University Press 2009.

373
Bruun MB. The Cambridge companion to the Cistercian order. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CCO9780511735899

374
Burton JE. Monastic and religious orders in Britain, 1000-1300. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1994. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139170109

375
Burton JE, Kerr J. The Cistercians in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2011. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7722/j.ctt81g36

376
Constable G. The reformation of the twelfth century. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1996.

377
Coppack G. The white monks: the Cistercians in Britain, 1128-1540. Stroud: : Tempus 1998.

378
Evans GR. Bernard of Clairvaux. New York: : Oxford University Press 2000.

379
C., H. Orderic, Traditional Monk and the New Monasticism. In: Tradition and change: essays in honour of Marjorie Chibnall presented by her friends on the occasion of her seventieth birthday. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1985.

380
Knowles D. The monastic order in England: a history of its development from the times of St. Dunstan to the Fourth Lateran Council, 940-1216. 2nd ed. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1963. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511583742

381
Lawrence CH. Medieval monasticism: forms of religious life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. 3rd ed. Harlow, England: : Pearson Education 2001.

382
L.J., L. Chapter 4. In: The Cistercians: ideals and reality. Kent [Ohio]: : Kent State University Press 1977.

383
Leyser H. Hermits and the new monasticism: a study of religious communities in Western Europe 1000-1150. London: : Macmillan 1984.

384
Matarasso P. The Cistercian world: monastic writings of the twelfth century. London: : Penguin 1993.

385
Newman MG. The boundaries of charity: Cistercian culture and ecclesiastical reform, 1098 - 1180. Stanford: : Stanford University Press 1996.

386
J., N. Medieval Monasticism’. In: The medieval world. London: : Routledge 2003.

387
James BS. Saint Bernard of Clairvaux: an essay in biography. London: : Hodder & Stoughton 1957.

388
Southern RW. Western society and the Church in the Middle Ages. London: : Penguin 1990.

389
Van Engen J. The ‘Crisis of Cenobitism’ Reconsidered: Benedictine Monasticism in the Years 1050-1150. Speculum 1986;61:269–304. doi:10.2307/2854041

390
Amt E. The accession of Henry II in England: royal government restored, 1149-1159. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1993.

391
Barlow F. The feudal kingdom of England, 1042-1216. 5th ed. London: : Longman 1999.

392
Bartlett R. England under the Norman and Angevin kings, 1075-1225. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 2000.

393
Bradbury J. Stephen and Matilda: the Civil War of 1139-53. Stroud: : History Press 2009.

394
Clanchy MT. England and its rulers, 1066-1272: foreign lordship and national identity. London: : Fontana Press 1983.

395
Clanchy MT. From memory to written record: England 1066-1307. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Blackwell 1993.

396
Cronne HA. The reign of Stephen, 1135-54: anarchy in England. London: : Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1970.

397
Crouch D. The reign of King Stephen, 1135-1154. Harlow: : Longman 2000.

398
Dalton P. Conquest, anarchy and lordship: Yorkshire, 1066-1154. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1994.

399
Davis RHC. King Stephen, 1135-1154. 3rd ed. London: : Longman 1990.

400
DAVIS RHC. What happened in Stephen’s reign 1135–54 1135–54. History 1964;49:1–12. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1964.tb01092.x

401
Potter KR, Davis RHC, Robert. Gesta Stephani. [1st ed. reprinted]. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1976.

402
Gillingham J. The Angevin Empire. 2nd ed. London: : Arnold 2001.

403
J G. Conquering kings: some twelfth-century reflections on Henry II and Richard I. In: Warriors and churchmen in the High Middle Ages: essays presented to Karl Leyser. London: : Hambledon Press 1992.

404
Green JA. Henry I: King of England and Duke of Normandy. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2006.

405
Green JA. The government of England under Henry I. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1986. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511560248

406
Harper-Bill C, Vincent N. Henry II: New Interpretations. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. http://universitypublishingonline.org/boydell/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781846155536

407
Hollister CW, Baldwin JW. The Rise of Administrative Kingship: Henry I and Philip Augustus. The American Historical Review 1978;83.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/5545189048

408
Hudson J. The formation of the English common law: law and society in England from the Norman conquest to Magna Carta. London: : Longman 1996.

409
KING E. King Stephen and the Anglo-Norman aristocracy*. History 1974;59:180–94. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1974.tb02213.x

410
King E. The Anarchy of King Stephen’s reign. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1994. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203643.001.0001

411
J., LP. What did not happen in Stephen’s reign’. History 1973;58.http://pmt-eu.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?ct=display&fn=search&doc=dedupmrg58612713&indx=1&recIds=dedupmrg58612713&recIdxs=0&elementId=0&renderMode=poppedOut&displayMode=full&frbrVersion=&dscnt=1&mode=Basic&vid=44BU_VU1&tab=tab2&vl(freeText0)=History%20&dstmp=1498045125100&tabs=viewOnlineTab&gathStatTab=true

412
Mason E. Norman kingship. Bangor: : Headstart History 1991.

413
Prestwich JO. War and Finance in the Anglo-Norman State. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 1954;4. doi:10.2307/3678850

414
R.W., S. The place of Henry I in English history’. Proceedings of the British Academy 48

415
Stringer KJ. The reign of Stephen: kingship, warfare and government in twelfth-century England. London: : Routledge 1993.

416
Turner RV. Men raised from the dust: administrative service and upward mobility in Angevin England. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1988.

417
Warren WL. The governance of Norman and Angevin England 1086-1272. London: : Edward Arnold 1987.

418
Warren WL. Henry II. London: : Eyre Methuen 1973.

419
B.K.U., W. Kingship, usurpation and propaganda in twelfth-century Europe: the case of Stephen. In: Proceedings of the Battle Conference, 2000. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2001.

420
G.J., W. The myth of the anarchy’. In: Proceedings of the Battle Conference, 1999. Woodbridge: : Boydell 2000.

421
G.J, W. Earls and earldoms during King Stephen’s reign’. In: War and society in medieval and early modern Britain. Liverpool: : Liverpool University Press 2000.

422
WHITE GJ. The End of Stephen’s Reign. History 1990;75:3–22.

423
Beresford M. New towns of the Middle Ages: town plantation in England, Wales and Gascony. London: : Lutterworth Press 1967.

424
Boone M. Urban Space and Political Conflict in Late Medieval Flanders. Journal of Interdisciplinary History 2002;32:621–40. doi:10.1162/002219502317345538

425
Compagni D, Bornstein DE. Dino Compagni’s chronicle of Florence. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1986.

426
Abulafia D. Italy in the central Middle Ages, 1000-1300. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2004.

427
Dean T. The towns of Italy in the later Middle Ages. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2000.

428
Dean T, Wickham C, Jones PJ. City and countryside in late medieval and Renaissance Italy: essays presented to Philip Jones. London: : Hambledon Press 1990.

429
Ennen E, Fryde N. The medieval town. Amsterdam: : North Holland 1979.

430
Hyde JK. Society and politics in medieval Italy: the evolution of the civil life, 1000-1350. London: : Macmillan 1973.

431
Hyde JK. Padua in the age of Dante. Manchester: : Univ.P. 1966.

432
Jansen KL, Drell J, Andrews F. The Commercial Revolution. In: Medieval Italy: texts in translation. Philadelphia, Pa: : University of Pennsylvania Press 2009. 77–109.

433
Jones PJ. The Italian city-state: from commune to signoria. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1997.

434
Larner J. Italy in the age of Dante and Petrarch, 1216-1380. London: : Longman 1983.

435
Lilley KD. Urban life in the Middle Ages, 1000-1450. Basingstoke: : Palgrave 2002.

436
Miskimin HA, Herlihy D, Udovitch AL, et al. The medieval city. New Haven: : Yale University Press 1977.

437
Molho A, Raaflaub KA, Emlen J, et al. City states in classical antiquity and medieval Italy: Athens and Rome, Florence and Venice. Stuttgart: : Steiner 1991.

438
Nicholas D. Medieval Flanders. London: : Longman 1992.

439
Postan MM. The medieval economy and society: an economic history of Britain in the Middle Ages. London: : Penguin Books 1975.

440
Pounds NJG. An economic history of medieval Europe. 2nd ed. London: : Longman 1994. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315844008

441
Reynolds S. An introduction to the history of English medieval towns. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1977.

442
F R. Chapter 4. In: The Medieval town. London: : Batsford 1967.

443
Russell JC. Medieval regions and their cities. Newton Abbot: : David and Charles 1972.

444
Tabacco G. The struggle for power in medieval Italy: structures of political rule. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1989.

445
Thompson A. Cities of God: the religion of the Italian communes, 1125-1325. University Park, Pa: : Pennsylvania State University Press 2005.

446
Waley DP, Dean T. The Italian city-republics. 4th ed. Harlow: : Longman 2010.

447
Waley D. Siena and the Sienese in the thirteenth century. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1991. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511583865

448
Ames CC. Righteous persecution: inquisition, Dominicans, and Christianity in the Middle Ages. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 2009.

449
Bennett RF. The early Dominicans: studies in thirteenth century Dominican history. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1937.

450
Brooke RB. The coming of the friars. London: : Allen and Unwin 1975.

451
Burr D. The spiritual Franciscans: from protest to persecution in the century after Saint Francis. University Park: : Pennsylvania State University Press 2001.

452
Hinnebusch WA, Pious Society of St. Paul. The history of the Dominican Order. New York: : Alba House for the Society of St. Paul 1965.

453
Lambert M. Franciscan poverty: the doctrine of the absolute poverty of Christ and the apostles in the Franciscan Order, 1210-1323. Rev. and expanded ed. St. Bonaventure, N.Y.: : Franciscan Institute, St. Bonaventure University 1998.

454
Lawrence CH. Medieval monasticism: forms of religious life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. 3rd ed. Harlow, England: : Pearson Education 2001.

455
Lawrence CH. The friars: the impact of the early mendicant movement on Western society. London: : Longman 1994.

456
Little LK. Religious poverty and the profit economy in medieval Europe. Ithaca, N.Y.: : Cornell University Press 1983.

457
Le Goff J. Saint Francis of Assisi. London: : Routledge 2004.

458
Lesnick DR. Preaching in medieval Florence: the social world of Franciscan and Dominican spirituality. Athens: : University of Georgia Press 1989.

459
Moorman JRH. A history of the Franciscan Order from its origins to the year 1517. Oxford: : Clarendon 1968.

460
Şenocak N. The poor and the perfect: the rise of learning in the Franciscan order, 1209-1310. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 2012.

461
Robson M. St Francis’s Vocation to Live and Proclaim the Gospel. In: The Franciscans in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2006. 10–21.

462
Swanson RN. Religion and devotion in Europe, c. 1215 - c. 1515. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1995.

463
Barbara H. Rosenwein and Lester K. Little. Social Meaning in the Monastic and Mendicant Spiritualities. Past & Present 1974;:4–32.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/4639888968

464
Tugwell S. Saint Dominic and the Order of Preachers. Dublin: : Dominican Publications 2001.

465
Tugwell S. Early Dominicans: selected writings. London: : SPCK 1982.

466
Vauchez A, Cusato MF. Francis of Assisi: the life and afterlife of a medieval saint. New Haven: : Yale University Press 2012. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=3421069

467
Carpenter DA. The reign of Henry III. London: : Hambledon Press 1996.

468
Carpenter DA. King, Magnates, and Society: The Personal Rule of King Henry III, 1234-1258. Speculum 1985;60:39–70. doi:10.2307/2852133

469
D.A., C. What happened in 1258. In: War and government in the Middle Ages: essays in honour of J.O. Prestwich. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1984.

470
CARPENTER DA. Simon de Montfort: The First Leader of a Political Movement in English History. History 1991;76:3–23. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1991.tb01531.x

471
CLANCHY MT. DID HENRY III HAVE A POLICY? History 1968;53:203–16. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1968.tb01218.x

472
Harding A. England in the thirteenth century. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1993. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139167840

473
Maddicott JR. Simon de Montfort. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1994.

474
Maddicott JR. The English peasantry and the demands of the crown, 1294-1341. Oxford [Eng.]: : Past and Present Society 1975.

475
K.B., M. Had Edward I a "policy” towards the earls. In: The nobility of later medieval England: the Ford lectures for 1953 and related studies. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1973.

476
Powicke FM. The Thirteenth century 1216-1307. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1962.

477
Prestwich M. English politics in the thirteenth century. Basingstoke: : Macmillan Education 1990.

478
Prestwich M. Edward I. London: : Methuen 1988.

479
Prestwich M. War, politics and finance under Edward I. Aldershot: : Gregg Revivals 1991.

480
Prestwich M. The three Edwards: war and state in England, 1272-1377. 2nd ed. London: : Routledge 2003.

481
H., R. King Henry III and the "aliens”, 1236-1272’. In: Thirteenth century England II: proceedings of the Newcastle upon Tyne conference 1987. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1988.

482
H. W. Ridgeway. Foreign Favourites and Henry III’s Problems of Patronage, 1247-1258. The English Historical Review 1989;104:590–610.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/4642467959

483
Stacey RC. Politics, policy and finance under Henry III, 1216-1245. Oxford: : Clarendon 1987.

484
Bassett S. Death in towns: urban responses to the dying and the dead, 100-1600. London: : Leicester University Press 1992.

485
Davis J. Medieval market morality: life, law and ethics in the English marketplace, 1200-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511763366

486
Epstein S. An economic and social history of later medieval Europe, 1000-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2009.

487
Geary PJ. Living with the dead in the Middle Ages. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 1994.

488
Hanawalt BA. Growing up in medieval London: the experience of childhood in history. New York: : Oxford University Press 1993.

489
Herlihy D. Medieval and Renaissance Pistoia: the social history of an Italian town, 1200-1430. New Haven: : Yale U.P. 1967.

490
Herlihy D. Medieval households. Cambridge, Mass: : Harvard University Press 1985.

491
Hilton RH. English and French towns in feudal society: a comparative study. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1992. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511562464

492
Le Goff, J. The town as an agent of civilisation 1200-1500. In: The Fontana economic history of Europe: 1: The middle ages. London: : Collins/Fontana 1972. 71–106.

493
Le Goff J. Your money or your life: economy and religion in the Middle Ages. New York: : Zone Books 1988.

494
Goff L. Chapter 5. In: Money and the Middle Ages: an essay in historical anthropology. Cambridge: : Polity Press 2012.

495
A.J., G. The merchant. In: The medieval world. London: : Parkgate 1997.

496
Lilley KD. Urban life in the Middle Ages, 1000-1450. Basingstoke: : Palgrave 2002.

497
Lilley KD. City and cosmos: the medieval world in urban form. London: : Reaktion Books 2009.

498
Little LK. Religious poverty and the profit economy in medieval Europe. Ithaca, N.Y.: : Cornell University Press 1983.

499
Murray A. Reason and society in the Middle Ages. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1978.

500
Murray, A. Time and Money. In: The Work of Jacques Le Goff and the challenges of medieval history. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1997. 3–25.

501
Nicholas D. Medieval Flanders. London: : Longman 1992.

502
Nicholas D. The growth of the medieval city: from late antiquity to the early fourteenth century. London: : Longman 1997.

503
Rossiaud J. The city-dweller and life in cities and towns. In: The medieval world. London: : Parkgate 1997. 138–79.

504
Swanson H. Medieval British towns. Basingstoke: : Macmillan Press 1999.

505
Barraclough G. The medieval papacy. London: : Thames & Hudson 1968.

506
Bolton B. Innocent III: studies on papal authority and pastoral care. Aldershot: : Variorum 1995.

507
Cheney CR. Pope Innocent III and England. Stuttgart: : Hiersemann 1976.

508
Cheney CR. England and the Roman Curia under Innocent III. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1967;18:173–86. doi:10.1017/S0022046900070986

509
J., G. Innocent III and the Greeks: aggressor or apostle? In: Relations between East and West in the Middle Ages. Edinburgh: : Edinburgh University Press 1973.

510
Moore JC. Pope Innocent III (1160/61-1216): to root up and to plant. Notre Dame, Ind: : University of Notre Dame Press 2003.

511
Morris C. The papal monarchy: the Western church from 1050 to 1250. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1989. doi:10.1093/0198269250.001.0001

512
Partner P. The lands of St Peter: the Papal State in the Middle Ages and the early Renaissance. London: : Eyre Methuen 1972.

513
Powell JM. Innocent III: vicar of Christ or lord of the world? 2nd, expanded ed ed. Washington, D.C.: : Catholic University of America Press 1994.

514
Sayers, J. Authority and Protest: The Christian Life. In: Innocent III: leader of Europe, 1198-1216. London: : Longman 1994. 125–63.

515
Ullmann W. A short history of the Papacy in the Middle Ages. London: : Methuen 1972.

516
Ullmann W. The growth of papal government in the Middle Ages: a study in the ideological relation of clerical to lay power. 3rd ed. London: : Methuen 1970.

517
Waley D. The papal state in the thirteenth century. London: : Macmillan 1961.

518
Barrell ADM. Medieval Scotland. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2000. http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=16175&entityid=https://idp.bris.ac.uk/shibboleth

519
Barrow GWS. The Anglo-Norman era in Scottish history: the Ford lectures delivered in the University of Oxford in Hilary term, 1977. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1980.

520
Barrow GWS. Kingship and unity: Scotland 1000-1306. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: : Edinburgh University Press 2003.

521
Barrow GWS. Scotland and its neighbours in the Middle Ages. London: : Hambledon Press 1992.

522
Barrow GWS. The Anglo-Scottish Border. Northern History 1966;1:21–42. doi:10.1179/nhi.1966.1.1.21

523
Bartlett R. Gerald of Wales, 1146-1223. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1982.

524
Carpenter DA. The struggle for mastery: Britain, 1066-1284. London: : Penguin 2004.

525
A.D., C. Anglo-Welsh relations 1066-1282. In: England and her neighbours, 1066-1453: essays in honour of Pierre Chaplais. London: : Hambledon 1989.

526
Davies RR. Domination and conquest: the experience of Ireland, Scotland and Wales 1100-1300. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1990.

527
R. R. Davies. The first English empire: power and identities in the British Isles. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2000. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199257249.003.0002

528
R.R., D. Law and national identity in thirteenth-century Wales’. In: Welsh society and nationhood: historical essays presented to Glanmor Williams. Cardiff: : University of Wales Press 1984.

529
Duncan AAM. Scotland: the making of a kingdom. Edinburgh: : Oliver & Boyd 1975.

530
J.G., E. The Normans and the Welsh March. Proceedings of the British Academy, 42

531
Frame R. Jurisdiction and Conquest: The Reign of Edward I. In: The political development of the British Isles, 1100-1400. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1990. 142–68.

532
J G. Anglo-Scottish relations 1066-1174’. In: England and her neighbours, 1066-1453: essays in honour of Pierre Chaplais. London: : Hambledon 1989.

533
Miller E. War in the North: the Anglo-Scottish wars of the Middle Ages / the St. John’s College Cambridge Lecture 1959-60 delivered at the University of Hull 29th April 1960. Hull: : University of Hull 1960.

534
Prestwich M. Edward I. London: : Methuen 1988.

535
Smith B. Britain and Ireland, 900-1300: insular responses to medieval European change. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1999. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/britain-and-ireland-9001300/DF33D9C3E1B79F75290845F366AD7590

536
Walker D. Medieval Wales. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1990. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139167888

537
Amt E. Women’s lives in medieval Europe: a sourcebook. New York: : Routledge 1993.

538
Amt E, editor. Women’s lives in medieval Europe: a sourcebook. Second edition. London: : Routledge 2010. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315881331

539
Anderson BS, Zinsser JP. A history of their own: women in Europe from prehistory to the present, Vol.1. London: : Penguin 1990.

540
Baker D, Hill RMT. Medieval women. Oxford: : Blackwell for the Ecclesiastical History Society 1978.

541
Bennett JM. Women in the medieval English countryside: gender and household in Brigstock before the plague. New York: : Oxford University Press 1987.

542
Bennett JM. Sisters and workers in the Middle Ages. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1989.

543
Bullough V. Medieval medical and scientific views of women. Viator 1973;4.

544
Bynum CW. Jesus as mother: studies in the spirituality of the High Middle Ages. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1982.

545
Erler MC, Kowaleski M. Women and power in the Middle Ages. Athens, Ga: : University of Georgia Press 1988.

546
J.M., F. The education of women in the middle ages in theory, fact, and fantasy’. In: Beyond their sex: learned women of the European past. New York: : New York University Press 1980.

547
Gold PS. The lady and the Virgin: image, attitude, and experience in twelfth-century France. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1985.

548
Goldberg PJP. Women, work, and life cycle in a medieval economy: women in York and Yorkshire c.1300-1520. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1992.

549
Goldberg PJP. Woman is a worthy wight: women in English society, c.1200-1500. Stroud: : Alan Sutton 1992.

550
Herlihy D. Medieval households. Cambridge, Mass: : Harvard University Press 1985.

551
Herlihy D. Opera muliebria: women and work in medieval Europe. New York: : McGraw-Hill 1990.

552
Mundy JH, Kirshner J, Wemple SF. Women of the medieval world: essays in honor of John H. Mundy. Oxford: : Blackwell 1985.

553
C., K-Z. Women and the family. In: The medieval world. London: : Parkgate 1997.

554
Duby G, Perrot M, Klapisch-Zuber C. A history of women in the West. Cambridge, Mass: : Belknap Press of Harvard University Press 1992.

555
Labarge MW, Labarge MW. A small sound of the trumpet: women in medieval life. Boston: : Beacon Press 1986.

556
Lucas AM. Women in the Middle Ages: religion, marriage and letters. Brighton: : Harvester Press 1982.

557
Mate ME, Economic History Society. Women in medieval English society. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1999.

558
Nolan K. Capetian women. New York: : Palgrave Macmillan 2003.

559
Power E, Postan MM. Medieval women. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1975.

560
Shahar S. The fourth estate: a history of women in the Middle Ages. Rev. ed. London: : Routledge 2003. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=181941

561
Stuard SM. Women in medieval society. [Philadelphia]: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1976. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt3fhhbn

562
Turner RV. Eleanor of Aquitaine: Queen of France, Queen of England. New Haven: : Yale University Press 2009.

563
Uitz E. Women in the medieval town. London: : Barrie & Jenkins 1990.

564
Watt D. Medieval women in their communities. Cardiff: : University of Wales Press 1997.

565
Williams MN, Echols A. Between pit and pedestal: women in the Middle Ages. Princeton: : Markus Wiener 1994.

566
Evans GR, Alanus. The art of preaching. Kalamazoo, Mich: : Cistercian Publications 1981.

567
D., d’Avray. Sermons to the upper bourgeoisie by a thirteenth-century Franciscan. In: The Church in town and countryside: papers read at the Seventeenth Summer Meeting and the Eighteenth Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. Oxford: : Blackwell for the Ecclesiastical History Society 1979.

568
D’Avray DL. Medieval marriage sermons: mass communication in a culture without print. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2001. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208143.001.0001

569
D’Avray DL. The preaching of the friars: sermons diffused from Paris before 1300. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1984.

570
Baldwin JW. The Chanter’s Circle at Paris. In: Masters, princes and merchants : the social views of Peter the Chanter and his circle. 1, Text. 1970. 17–46.

571
Biller P, Minnis AJ. Handling sin: Confession in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge: : York Medieval Press 1998.

572
Lea HC. AURICULAR CONFESSION AND INDULGENCES.: Vol. 1. 1896.

573
Lesnick DR. Preaching in medieval Florence: the social world of Franciscan and Dominican spirituality. Athens: : University of Georgia Press 1989.

574
Maier CT. Preaching the Crusades: mendicant friars and the Cross in the thirteenth century. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1994. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511582059

575
Menache S. The vox Dei: communication in the Middle Ages. New York: : Oxford University Press 1990.

576
A., M. Confession as a historical source in the thirteenth century’. In: The Writing of history in the Middle Ages: essays presented to Richard William Southern. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1981.

577
Murray A. Confession before 1215. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 1993;3. doi:10.2307/3679136

578
Rouse RH, Rouse MA. Preachers, florilegia and sermons: studies on the Manipulus florum of Thomas of Ireland. Toronto: : Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies 1979.

579
Swanson RN. Access to the Faith. In: Religion and devotion in Europe, c. 1215 - c. 1515. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1995. 42–91.

580
Tentler TN. Sin and confession on the eve of the Reformation. Princeton: : Princeton University Press 1977.

581
Tentler TN. The summa for confessors as an instrument of social control. In: The pursuit of holiness in late medieval and Renaissance religion: papers from the University of Michigan conference. Leiden: : Brill 1974. 103–37.

582
J.W., B. Chapter 7. In: The government of Philip Augustus: foundations of French royal power in the Middle Ages. Berkeley, Calif: : University of California Press 1986.

583
Bisson TN. The Problem of Feudal Monarchy: Aragon, Catalonia, and France. Speculum 1978;53:460–78. doi:10.2307/2855140

584
Bradbury J. Philip Augustus: King of France, 1180-1223. London: : Longman 1998.

585
Bull MG. France in the central Middle Ages, 900-1200. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2002.

586
Duby G. The legend of Bouvines: war, religion and culture in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: : Polity Press in association with Basil Blackwell 1990.

587
Dunbabin J. France in the making, 843-1180. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press 2000. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208464.001.0001

588
Fawtier R, Butler L, Adam RJ. The Capetian kings of France: monarchy & nation, 987-1328. London: : Macmillan 1960.

589
Gillingham J. The Angevin Empire. 2nd ed. London: : Arnold 2001.

590
Grant L. Abbot Suger of St-Denis: church and state in early twelfth-century France. London: : Longman 1998.

591
Hallam, E.M., Everard, J. The revival of royal power, 1108-1226. In: Capetian France, 987-1328. Harlow: : Longman 2001. 145–262.

592
B., S. Capetian France. In: France, government and society: an historical survey. London: : Methuen 1970.

593
Cusimano R, Moorhead J, Suger. The deeds of Louis the Fat. Washington: : Catholic University of America Press 1992.

594
K.F., W. Kingdom and principality in twelfth-century France. In: The Medieval nobility: studies on the ruling classes of France and Germany from the sixth to the twelfth century. Amsterdam: : North-Holland 1978.

595
D’Avray DL. Medieval marriage: symbolism and society. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2005. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208211.001.0001

596
Baldwin JW. The language of sex: five voices from northern France around 1200. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1994.

597
Boswell J, Jordan MD. Christianity, social tolerance, and homosexuality: gay people in western Europe from the beginning of the Christian era to the fourteenth century. Thirty-fifth anniversary edition. Chicago: : The University of Chicago Press 2015.

598
Brooke CNL. The medieval idea of marriage. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1989. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205043.001.0001

599
Brundage JA. Law, sex, and Christian society in medieval Europe. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1987. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=432200

600
Brundage JA. Sex, law and marriage in the Middle Ages. Aldershot: : Variorum 1993.

601
J.A., B. The merry widow’s serious sister: remarriage in classical canon law. In: Matrons and marginal women in medieval society. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1995.

602
Bullough VL, Brundage JA. Sexual practices & the medieval church. Buffalo, N.Y.: : Prometheus Books 1982.

603
Duby G, Bray B. The knight, the lady and the priest: the making of modern marriage in medieval France. London: : Allen Lane 1984.

604
Duby G. Medieval marriage: two models from twelfth-century France. Baltimore: : Johns Hopkins University Press 1978.

605
Elliott D. Spiritual marriage: sexual abstinence in medieval wedlock. Princeton: : Princeton University Press 1993.

606
Karras RM. Sexuality in medieval Europe: doing unto others. 2nd ed. London: : Routledge 2012. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=957048

607
C., K. Pulzelle e maritate: coming of age, rites of passage, and the question of marriage in some early Italian poems’. In: Matrons and marginal women in medieval society. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1995.

608
Lucas AM. Women in the Middle Ages: religion, marriage and letters. Brighton: : Harvester Press 1982.

609
E.M., M. The conjugal debt and medieval canon law. Journal of medieval history 1977.

610
McCarthy C. Marriage in Medieval England: Law, Literature and Practice. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. http://universitypublishingonline.org/boydell/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781846152542

611
Murray J. Love, marriage, and family in the Middle Ages: a reader. Peterborough, Ont: : Broadview Press 2001.

612
Payer PJ. Legitimate reasons for marital relations. In: The bridling of desire: views of sex in the later Middle Ages. Toronto: : University of Toronto Press 1993. 84–110.

613
Payer PJ. Sex and the new medieval literature of confession, 1150-1300. Toronto: : Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies 2009.

614
Shahar S. The fourth estate: a history of women in the Middle Ages. Rev. ed. London: : Routledge 2003. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=181941

615
I.P., W. Chapter 5. In: Intellectual culture in medieval Paris: theologians and the University, c.1100-1330. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. http://pmt-eu.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?ct=display&fn=search&doc=dedupmrg1668689689&indx=1&recIds=dedupmrg1668689689&recIdxs=0&elementId=0&renderMode=poppedOut&displayMode=full&frbrVersion=&dscnt=0&mode=Basic&vid=44BU_VU1&tab=tab2&vl(freeText0)=Intellectual%20Culture%20in%20Medieval%20Paris%3A%20Theologians%20and%20the%20University%2C%20c.%201100-1330&dstmp=1498120662068&tabs=viewOnlineTab&gathStatTab=true

616
Sapir Abulafia A. Christian Jewish relations, 1000-1300: Jews in the service of medieval Christendom. London: : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 2014. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315835389

617
Bale AP. Feeling persecuted: Christians, Jews and images of violence in the Middle Ages. London: : Reaktion 2010.

618
Bloomberg J. The Jewish world in the Middle Ages. New York: : KTAV Publishing House 2000.

619
Chazan R. Barcelona and Beyond: the disputation of 1263 and its aftermath. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1992.

620
Chazan R. Church, state, and Jew in the Middle Ages. New York: : Behrman House 1980.

621
Chazan R. Daggers of faith: thirteenth-century Christian missionizing and Jewish response. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1989. http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft0w1003jg&brand=ucpress

622
Chazan R. The Jews of medieval western Christendom, 1000-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2006. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511818325

623
Chazan R. European Jewry and the First Crusade. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1987.

624
Chazan R. Fashioning Jewish identity in medieval western Christendom. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2003. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511496431

625
R., C. Emperor Frederick I, the third crusade and the Jews’. Viator 1977;8.

626
Chazan R. Reassessing Jewish Life in Medieval Europe. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511778902

627
Chazan R. Medieval stereotypes and modern antisemitism. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1997.

628
Cohen JJ. Medieval identity machines. Minneapolis, Minn., London: : University of Minnesota Press 2003.

629
Dobson RB. The Jews of medieval York and the Massacre of March 1190. [Rev. ed.]. York: : University of York 1996.

630
Friedman J, Hoff J, Chazan R. The trial of the Talmud, Paris, 1240. Toronto: : Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies 2012.

631
Glick LB. Abraham’s heirs: Jews and Christians in medieval Europe. New York: : Syracuse University Press 1999.

632
Kisch G. The Jews in medieval Germany: a study of their legal and social status. New York: : Ktav Publishing House 1970.

633
G., L. Anti-Judaism as the necessary preparation for anti-semitism’. Viator 1971;2.

634
M., L. The lamb and the scapegoat: the dehumanization of the Jews in medieval propaganda imagery. In: Anti-semitism in times of crisis. New York: : New York University Press 1991.

635
Lipton S. Images of intolerance: the representation of Jews and Judaism in the Bible moralisée. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1999.

636
Moore RI. The formation of a persecuting society: authority and deviance in Western Europe, 950-1250. 2nd ed. Malden, Mass: : Blackwell Publishing 2007. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=284094

637
Nirenberg D. Communities of violence: persecution of minorities in the Middle Ages. Princeton, N.J: : Princeton University Press 1996.

638
Poliakov L. The history of anti-semitism. London: : Elek Books 1966.

639
Resnick IM. Marks of distinction: Christian perceptions of Jews in the high Middle Ages. Washington, D.C.: : Catholic University of America Press 2012.

640
Rowe N. The Jew, the cathedral and the medieval city: Synagoga and Ecclesia in the thirteenth century. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2011. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511762413

641
Richards J. Sex, dissidence and damnation: minority groups in the Middle Ages. London: : Routledge 1991.

642
J., R-S. The first crusade and the persecution of the Jews. In: Persecution and toleration: papers read at the twenty-second summer meeting and the twenty-third winter meeting of the Ecclesiatical History Society. Oxford: : Blackwell for the Ecclesiastical History Society 1984.

643
Signer MA, Van Engen JH. Jews and Christians in twelfth-century Europe. Notre Dame, Ind: : University of Notre Dame Press 2001.

644
Skinner P, editor. The Jews in medieval Britain: historical, literary and archeological perspectives. Woodbridge: : The Boydell Press 2003.

645
Stow KR. Alienated minority: the Jews of medieval Latin Europe. Cambridge, Mass: : Harvard University Press 1992.

646
Synan EA. The popes and the Jews in the Middle Ages. New York: : Macmillan 1965.

647
Trachtenberg J. The devil and the Jews, the medieval conception of the Jew and its relation to modern antisemitism. 1945.

648
Wood D, Ecclesiastical History Society. Christianity and Judaism: papers read at the 1991 summer meeting and the 1992 winter meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. Oxford: : Blackwell for the Ecclesiastical History Society 1992.

649
Beaune C, Cheyette FL. The birth of an ideology: myths and symbols of nation in late-medieval France. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1991.

650
Campbell, Gerard J. THE PROTEST OF SAINT LOUIS. Traditio 1959;15:405–18.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/oclc/5792268165

651
Campbell GJ. The Attitude of the Monarchy Toward the Use of Ecclesiastical Censures in the Reign of Saint Louis. Speculum 1960;35:535–55. doi:10.2307/2846551

652
Gaposchkin MC. The making of Saint Louis: kingship, sanctity, and crusade in the later Middle Ages. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 2008.

653
Gaposchkin MC, Katz PB. Blessed Louis, the most glorious of kings: texts relating to the cult of Saint Louis of France. Notre Dame, Indiana: : University of Notre Dame Press 2012.

654
Hallam EM, Everard J. Capetian France, 987-1328. 2nd ed. Harlow: : Longman 2001.

655
Hallam EM. Royal burial and the cult of kingship in France and England, 1060–1330. Journal of Medieval History 1982;8:359–80.https://www-sciencedirect-com.bris.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/0304418182900173

656
Hallam EM. Philip the Fair and the cult of Saint Louis. Religion and national identity: papers read at the nineteenth summer meeting and the twentieth winter meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society 1982;18.

657
Jean de Joinville. Life of Saint Louis. In: Chronicles of the Crusades. Harmondsworth: : Penguin Books 1963.

658
Jordan WC. The Most Christian King. In: Louis IX and the challenge of the Crusade: a study in rulership. Princeton, N.J: : Princeton University Press 1979. 182–213.

659
Le Goff J. Saint Louis. [Paris]: : Gallimard 1996.

660
Lester K. Little. Saint Louis’ Involvement with the Friars. Church History 1964;33:125–48.https://bris.on.worldcat.org/atoztitles/link?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbris.worldcat.org%3Aworldcat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5548315703&rft_id=urn%3AISSN%3A0009-6407&rft.aulast=Little&rft.aufirst=Lester&rft.auinitm=K&rft.atitle=Saint+Louis%27+Involvement+with+the+Friars&rft.jtitle=Church+History&rft.date=1964&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=125&rft.epage=148&rft.issn=0009-6407&rft_dat=%7B%22stdrt1%22%3A%22ArtChap%22%2C%22stdrt2%22%3A%22Artcl%22%7D&req_id=info:rfa/oclc/institutions/132607&req_dat=&rfe_dat=5548315703

661
Richard J. Christian and King. In: Saint Louis: crusader King of France. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1992. 237–56.

662
Spiegel GM. The cult of Saint Denis and Capetian kingship. Journal of Medieval History 1975;1:43–69.https://www-sciencedirect-com.bris.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/0304418175900317

663
J., S. The crusades of Louis IX. In: Medieval statecraft and the perspectives of history. Princeton, N.J.: : Princeton University Press 1971.

664
Benton JF. Consciousness of self and perceptions of individuality. In: Renaissance and renewal in the twelfth century. Cambridge, Mass: : Harvard University Press 1982. 263–95.

665
Bouchard CB. ‘Every valley shall be exalted’: the discourse of opposites in twelfth-century thought. Ithaca, N.Y.: : Cornell University Press 2003.

666
Brooke CNL. The twelfth century renaissance. London: : Thames and Hudson 1969.

667
Bynum CW. Did the Twelfth Century Discover the Individual? The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1980;31:1–17. doi:10.1017/S0022046900036186

668
Chenu M-D, Little LK, Taylor J, et al. Nature, man and society in the twelfth century: essays on new theological perspectives in the Latin West. Toronto: : University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America 1997.

669
Clanchy M. Documenting the self: Abelard and the individual in history*. Historical Research 2003;76:293–309. doi:10.1111/1468-2281.00177

670
Constable G. The reformation of the twelfth century. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1996.

671
G. D, Braunstein P. The emergence of the individual. In: A history of private life. Cambridge, Mass: : Belknap 1988.

672
Haskins CH. The renaissance of the twelfth century. Cleveland, Ohio: : Meridian Books 1957.

673
Le Goff J. Intellectuals in the Middle Ages. Cambridge, Mass: : Blackwell 1993.

674
Murray A. Reason and society in the Middle Ages. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1978.

675
C., M. Chapter 4. In: The discovery of the individual, 1050-1200. Toronto: : University of Toronto Press, in association with the Medieval Academy of America 1987.

676
Noble TFX, Van Engen JH, European Transformations, 950-1200, et al. European transformations: the long twelfth century. Notre Dame, Ind: : University of Notre Dame Press 2012.

677
D., R-B. Imagining the self – exploring literature’. In: A history of private life. Cambridge, Mass: : Belknap 1988.

678
Southern RW. Medieval humanism and other studies. Oxford: : Blackwell 1970.

679
Swanson, R.N. Intellectual transitions: philosophy and theology, humanism and individualism. In: The twelfth-century renaissance. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1999. 103–51.

680
Wei IP. From Twelfth-Century Schools to Thirteenth-Century Universities: The Disappearance of Biographical and Autobiographical Representations of Scholars. Speculum 2011;86:42–78. doi:10.1017/S0038713410003489

681
Arnold J. Belief and unbelief in medieval Europe. London: : Hodder Arnold 2005.

682
Arnold JH. Dissent. In: Belief and unbelief in medieval Europe. London: : Hodder Arnold 2005. 191–231.

683
Arnold JH. Inquisition and power: Catharism and the confessing subject in medieval Languedoc. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 2001. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt3fhsxf

684
Barber M. The Cathars: dualist heretics in Languedoc in the high Middle Ages. Harlow: : Longman 2000.

685
Biller P, Hudson A. Heresy and literacy, 1000-1530. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1994.

686
Bruschi C, Biller P. Texts and the repression of Medieval heresy. Woodbridge: : York Medieval Press 2003.

687
Burnham LA. So great a light, so great a smoke: the Beguin heretics of Languedoc. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 2008.

688
Cohn N. The pursuit of the millennium. London: : Secker and Warburg 1957.

689
Costen MD. The Cathars and the Albigensian Crusade. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1997.

690
Evans GR. A brief history of heresy. Oxford: : Blackwell 2003. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/9780470776049

691
Fichtenau H. The twelfth century: Bogomils and Cathars. In: Heretics and scholars in the High Middle Ages, 1000-1200. University Park, Pa: : Pennsylvania State University Press 1998. 70–104.

692
Moore RI, Frassetto M. Heresy and the persecuting society in the Middle Ages: essays on the work of R.I. Moore. Leiden: : Brill 2006.

693
Hamilton B. The Albigensian Crusade. London: : Historical Association 1974.

694
Lambert M. Heretical preachers and the rise of catharism. In: Medieval heresy: popular movements from the Gregorian reform to the Reformation. Oxford: : Blackwell 2002. 52–69.

695
Lambert M. The Cathars. Oxford: : Blackwell 1998.

696
Leff G. Heresy in the later middle ages: the relation of heterodoxy to dissent, c.1250-c.1450, Vol.1. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1967.

697
Leff G. Heresy in the later middle ages: the relation of heterodoxy to dissent, c.1250-c.1450, Vol.2. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1967.

698
Le Roy Ladurie E. Montaillou: Cathars and Catholics in a French village, 1294-1324. Harmondsworth: : Penguin 1980.

699
Moore RI. The formation of a persecuting society: authority and deviance in Western Europe, 950-1250. 2nd ed. Malden, Mass: : Blackwell Publishing 2007. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=284094

700
Moore RI. The birth of popular heresy. London: : Edward Arnold 1975.

701
Moore RI. The origins of European dissent. Toronto: : University of Toronto Press 1994.

702
Moore RI. The war on heresy: faith and power in medieval Europe. London: : Profile 2012.

703
Mundy JH, Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. Men and women at Toulouse in the age of the Cathars. Toronto: : Political Institute of Mediaeval Studies 1990.

704
Peters, E. The Waldensians. In: Heresy and authority in medieval Europe: documents in translation. Philadephia, Pa: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1980. 139–63.http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt3fh8qt

705
Sackville LJ. Heresy and Heretics in the Thirteenth Century: The Textual Representations. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. http://universitypublishingonline.org/boydell/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781846158469

706
J S. Chapter 9. In: Medieval popular religion, 1000-1500: a reader. Peterborough, Ont: : Broadview Press 1997.

707
Strayer JR, Lansing C. The Albigensian Crusades. [Ann Arbor]: : University of Michigan Press 1992.

708
Taylor C, Royal Historical Society. Heresy in medieval France: dualism in Aquitaine and the Agenais, 1000-1249. Woodbridge, Suffolk: : Royal Historical Society/Boydell Press 2005.

709
Wakefield WL, Evans AP. Heresies of the high Middle Ages: selected sources. New York: : Columbia University Press 1969.

710
Wakefield WL. Heresy, crusade and inquisition in Southern France 1100-1250. London: : Allen and Unwin 1974.

711
Waugh SL, Diehl PD. Christendom and its discontents: exclusion, persecution, and rebellion, 1000-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1996.

712
Barber RW, Barker JRV. Tournaments: jousts, chivalry and pageants in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge: : Boydell 1989.

713
Barber RW. The knight and chivalry. Rev. ed. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1995.

714
Barker JRV. The tournament in England, 1100-1400. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1986.

715
Bloch M, Manyon LA, Koziol G. Feudal society. London: : Routledge 2014. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315772165

716
D B. Classic knighthood as nobiliary dignity: the knighting of counts and kings’ sons in England, 1066-1272’. In: Medieval knighthood, V: papers from the sixth Strawberry Hill Conference, 1994. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1995.

717
Bumke J. The concept of knighthood in the Middle Ages. New York: : AMS 1982.

718
Bouchard CB. ‘Strong of body, brave and noble’: chivalry and society in medieval France. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 1998.

719
Chrétien de Troyes. Arthurian romances. Harmondsworth: : Penguin 1991.

720
Contamine P, Jones M. War in the Middle Ages. Oxford: : Blackwell 1984.

721
Coss PR. The knight in medieval England, 1000-1400. Stroud: : Alan Sutton 1993.

722
Crouch D. William Marshal: court, career and chivalry in the Angevin Empire 1147-1219. London: : Longman 1990.

723
Crouch D. The image of aristocracy in Britain, 1000-1300. London: : Routledge 1992.

724
Duby G. The chivalrous society. London: : Edward Arnold 1977.

725
Kathryn Faulkner. The Transformation of Knighthood in Early Thirteenth-Century England. The English Historical Review 1996;111:1–23.http://www.jstor.org/stable/577859?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

726
France J. Western warfare in the age of the Crusades, 1000-1300. London: : UCL Press 1999.

727
Hadley DM. Masculinity in medieval Europe. London: : Longman 1998.

728
R.W., H. The social significance of twelfth-century chivalric romance’. Medievalia et humanistica 1972.

729
Kaeuper RW. Chivalry and violence in medieval Europe. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199244584.001.0001

730
Keen M. The secular origins of chivalry. In: Chivalry. New Haven, Conn: : Yale University Press 2005. 18–43.

731
Keen M. Nobles, knights and men-at-arms in the Middle Ages. London: : Hambledon Press 1996.

732
I., P. The knight, his arms and armour in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. In: The Ideals and practice of medieval knighthood: papers from the first and second Strawberry Hill Conferences. Wodbridge: : Boydell 1986.

733
Burgess GS. The song of Roland. London: : Penguin 1990.

734
Strickland M. Honour, Shame and Reputation. In: War and chivalry: the conduct and perception of war in England and Normandy, 1066 - 1217. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1996. 98–131.

735
Verbruggen JF, Willard S, Southern SCM. The art of warfare in Western Europe during the Middle Ages: from the eighth century to 1340. Amsterdam [etc.]: : North-Holland Publishing Co 1977.

736
White LT. Medieval technology and social change. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1962.

737
Baldwin JW. The scholastic culture of the Middle Ages, 1000-1300. Lexington, Mass: : D.C. Heath 1971.

738
Baldwin JW. Masters at Paris from 1179 to 1215: A social perspective. In: Benson RL, Constable G, Lanham CD, eds. Renaissance and renewal in the twelfth century. Toronto: : published by University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America 1991.

739
BALDWIN JW. Masters, princes and merchants : the social views of Peter the Chanter and his circle. 1, Text. 1970.

740
Baldwin JW. Masters, princes and merchants: the social views of Peter the Chanter and his circle. 2, Notes. 1970.

741
Constable G. Renaissance and renewal in the twelfth century. Toronto: : published by University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America 1991.

742
Cobban AB. The medieval universities: their development and organization. London: : Methuen 1975.

743
Ferruolo SC. The formation of the university of Paris. In: The origins of the university: the schools of Paris and their critics, 1100-1215. Stanford, Calif: : Stanford University Press 1985. 279–315.

744
Ferruolo SC. The Paris statutes of 1215 reconsidered. History of universities 1985;5.

745
Haskins CH. The rise of universities. [New edition]. Ithaca, New York: : Great Seal Books 1957.

746
Kibre P. Scholarly privileges in the Middle Ages: the rights, privileges, and immunities of scholars and universities at Bologna, Padua, Paris and Oxford. London: : Mediaeval Academy of America 1961.

747
Knowles D, Luscombe DE, Brooke CNL. The evolution of medieval thought. 2nd ed. London: : Longman 1988.

748
Koeppler H. Frederick Barbarossa and the schools of Bologna: Some remarks on the ‘Authentica Habita’. The English Historical Review 1939;54:577–606. doi:10.1093/ehr/LIV.CCXVI.577

749
Leff G. Paris and Oxford Universities in the 13th and 14th Centuries. 1975.

750
Le Goff J. Intellectuals in the Middle Ages. Cambridge, Mass: : Blackwell 1993.

751
Le Goff J. How did the medieval university conceive of itself? In: Time, work & culture in the Middle Ages. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1980.

752
Le Goff J. The universities and the public authorities in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. In: Time, work & culture in the Middle Ages. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1980.

753
McKeon PR. The Status of the University of Paris as Parens Scientiarum: An Episode in the Development of Its Autonomy. Speculum 1964;39:651–75. doi:10.2307/2854750

754
Pedersen O. The first universities: studium generale and the origins of university education in Europe. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511562488

755
Piltz A. The world of medieval learning. Rev. ed. Totowa, N.J.: : Barnes & Noble 1981.

756
Post G. Parisian Masters as a Corporation, 1200-64. In: Studies in medieval legal thought: public law and the state, 1100-1322. Princeton: : Princeton University Press 1964.

757
Rashdall H. The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages: Volume 1: Salerno, Bologna, Paris. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511722301

758
Rüegg W, Ridder-Symoens H de. A History of the university in Europe: Vol.1, Universities in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511599507

759
Southern RW. Medieval humanism and other studies. Oxford: : Blackwell 1970.

760
Thorndike L. University Records and Life in the Middle Ages. 1944.

761
Ian P. Wei. From Twelfth-Century Schools to Thirteenth-Century Universities: The Disappearance of Biographical and Autobiographical Representations of Scholars. Speculum 2011;86:42–78.http://www.jstor.org/stable/41105500?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

762
Wei IP. Intellectual culture in medieval Paris: theologians and the University, c.1100-1330. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511842108

763
Young SE. Scholarly Community at the Early University of Paris: Theologians, Education and Society, 1215–1248. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139381178

764
Barber M. The Cathars: dualist heretics in Languedoc in the high Middle Ages. Harlow: : Longman 2000.

765
Burl A. God’s heretics: the Albigensian Crusade. Stroud: : Sutton 2002.

766
Burnham LA. So great a light, so great a smoke: the Beguin heretics of Languedoc. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 2008.

767
Costen MD. The Cathars and the Albigensian Crusade. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1997.

768
Evans AP. The Albigensian Crusade. In: A History of the Crusades: Vol.2, The later Crusades, 1189-1311. Madison: : University of Wisconsin Press 1969.

769
Hamilton B. The Albigensian Crusade. London: : Historical Association 1974.

770
Hamilton B. Crusaders, Cathars, and the holy places. Aldershot, Hants: : Ashgate 1999.

771
Lambert M. Medieval heresy: popular movements from the Gregorian reform to the Reformation. 3rd ed. Oxford: : Blackwell 2002.

772
Lambert M. The Cathars. Oxford: : Blackwell 1998.

773
Leff G. Heresy in the later middle ages: the relation of heterodoxy to dissent, c.1250-c.1450, Vol.1. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1967.

774
Leff G. Heresy in the later middle ages: the relation of heterodoxy to dissent, c.1250-c.1450, Vol.2. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1967.

775
Le Roy Ladurie E. Montaillou: Cathars and Catholics in a French village, 1294-1324. Harmondsworth: : Penguin 1980.

776
Moore RI. The birth of popular heresy. London: : Edward Arnold 1975.

777
Moore RI. The origins of European dissent. Toronto: : University of Toronto Press 1994.

778
Moore RI. The formation of a persecuting society: authority and deviance in Western Europe, 950-1250. 2nd ed. Malden, Mass: : Blackwell Publishing 2007. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=284094

779
Mundy JH, Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. Men and women at Toulouse in the age of the Cathars. Toronto: : Political Institute of Mediaeval Studies 1990.

780
Paterson LM. The world of the troubadours: medieval Occitan society, c.1100-c.1300. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1993.

781
Pegg MG. A most holy war: the Albigensian crusade and the battle for Christendom. New York: : Oxford University Press 2009.

782
Peters E. Heresy and authority in medieval Europe: documents in translation. Philadephia, Pa: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1980.

783
Riley-Smith JSC. The Crusades: a short history. London: : Athlone 1987.

784
Shinners J. Chapter 9. In: Medieval popular religion, 1000-1500: a reader. Peterborough, Ont: : Broadview Press 1997.

785
Shirley J, Guillaume. The song of the Cathar Wars: a history of the Albigensian crusade. Aldershot: : Scolar Press 1996.

786
Strayer JR, Lansing C. The Albigensian Crusades. [Ann Arbor]: : University of Michigan Press 1992.

787
Sumption J. The Albigensian Crusade. London: : Faber 1978.

788
Taylor C, Royal Historical Society. Heresy in medieval France: dualism in Aquitaine and the Agenais, 1000-1249. Woodbridge, Suffolk: : Royal Historical Society/Boydell Press 2005.

789
Wakefield WL, Evans AP. Heresies of the high Middle Ages: selected sources. New York: : Columbia University Press 1969.

790
Wakefield WL. Heresy, crusade and inquisition in Southern France 1100-1250. London: : Allen and Unwin 1974.

791
Waugh SL, Diehl PD. Christendom and its discontents: exclusion, persecution, and rebellion, 1000-1500. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1996.

792
Sibly WA, Sibly MD, William. The chronicle of William of Puylaurens: the Albigensian crusade and its aftermath. Woodbridge: : Boydell 2003.

793
Barber M. The world picture of Philip the fair. Journal of Medieval History 1982;8:13–27. doi:10.1016/0304-4181(82)90004-5

794
Black A. Political thought in Europe, 1250-1450. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1992. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139170178

795
Boase TSR. Boniface VIII. London: : Constable 1933.

796
Denton JH. Taxation and the conflict between Philip the Fair and Boniface VIII. French History 1997;11:241–64. doi:10.1093/fh/11.3.241

797
Denton JH. Bernard Saisset and the Franco-papal rift of December 1301. Revue d’histoire ecclésiastique 2007;102.

798
Fawtier R, Butler L, Adam RJ. The Capetian kings of France: monarchy & nation, 987-1328. London: : Macmillan 1960.

799
Hallam EM, Everard J. Capetian France, 987-1328. 2nd ed. Harlow: : Longman 2001.

800
Morrall JB. Political thought in medieval times. 3rd ed. London: : Hutchinson University Library 1971.

801
Strayer JR. The reign of Philip the Fair. Princeton, N.J: : Princeton University Press 1980.

802
Tierney B. The crisis of church and state 1050-1300. Englewood Cliffs [N.J.]: : Prentice-Hall 1964.

803
Ullmann W. A short history of the Papacy in the Middle Ages. London: : Methuen 1972.

804
Wood CT. Philip the Fair and Boniface VIII: state vs. Papacy. New York: : Holt, Rinehart & Winston 1967.

805
Birch DJ. Pilgrimage to Rome in the Middle Ages: continuity and change. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1998.

806
Brooke RB, Brooke CNL. Popular religion in the Middle Ages: Western Europe 1000-1300. London: : Thames and Hudson 1984.

807
Bull MG. The miracles of Our Lady of Rocamadour: analysis and translation. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1999.

808
Farmer S. Communities of Saint Martin: legend and ritual in medieval Tours. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 1991.

809
Finucane RC. Miracles and pilgrims: popular beliefs in medieval England. [New ed.], with a new introd. Basingstoke: : Macmillan 1995.

810
Finucane RC. The use and abuse of miracles. History 1975;60:1–10.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-229X.1975.tb02025.x/full

811
Freeman C. Holy bones, holy dust: how relics shaped the history of medieval Europe. New Haven: : Yale University Press 2011. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt1nphg7

812
Geary PJ. Furta sacra: thefts of relics in the central Middle Ages. Princeton: : Princeton University Press 1978.

813
Geary PJ. Living with the dead in the Middle Ages. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 1994.

814
Goodich M. Miracles and wonders: the development of the concept of miracle, 1150-1350. Aldershot: : Ashgate 2007.

815
Hamilton B. Religion in the medieval West. 2nd ed. London: : Arnold 2003.

816
Hopper S. To be a pilgrim: the medieval pilgrimage experience. Stroud: : Sutton 2002.

817
Mayr-Harting H. Functions of a twelfth-century shrine. In: Studies in medieval history presented to R.H.C. Davis. London: : Hambledon 1985.

818
Morris C. A critique of popular religion: Guibert of Nogent on The Relics of the Saints. In: Popular belief and practice: papers read at the ninth summer meeting and the tenth winter meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1972.

819
Morris C, Roberts P. Pilgrimage: the English experience from Becket to Bunyan. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2002.

820
Nilson B. Cathedral shrines of medieval England. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1998.

821
Ohler N. The medieval traveller. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1989.

822
Rawcliffe C. Leprosy in medieval England. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2006.

823
Rollason DW. Saints and relics in Anglo-Saxon England. Oxford: : Basil Blackwell 1989.

824
Schmitt J-C. The holy greyhound: Guinefort, healer of children since the thirteenth century. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1983.

825
Shinners J. Medieval popular religion, 1000-1500: a reader. Peterborough, Ont: : Broadview Press 1997.

826
Sumption J. Pilgrimage: an image of mediaeval religion. London: : Faber 1975.

827
Turner V, Turner ELB. Image and pilgrimage in Christian culture: anthropological perspectives. New York: : Columbia University Press 1978.

828
Vauchez A. Sainthood in the later middle ages. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1997.

829
Ward B. Miracles and the medieval mind: theory, record and event 1000-1215. Rev. ed. Aldershot: : Wildwood 1987.

830
Webb D. Medieval European pilgrimage, c.700-c.1500. Basingstoke: : Palgrave 2002.

831
Webb D. Pilgrimage in medieval England. London: : Hambledon and London 2000.

832
Webb D. Pilgrims and pilgrimage in the medieval West. London: : I.B. Tauris 1999.

833
Arnold B. German knighthood 1050-1300. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1985.

834
Arnold B. Princes and territories in medieval Germany. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1991. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511583674

835
Arnold B. Medieval Germany, 500-1300: a political interpretation. Basingstoke: : Macmillan 1997.

836
Barraclough G. The origins of modern Germany. 2nd ed. reissued with new bibliography. Oxford: : Blackwell 1988.

837
Fuhrmann H. Germany in the High Middle Ages, c.1050-1200. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1986.

838
Gillingham J. The kingdom of Germany in the High Middle Ages 900-1200. London: : Historical Association 1971.

839
Hampe K. Germany under the Salian and Hohenstaufen emperors. Oxford: : Blackwell 1973.

840
Haverkamp A. Mediaeval Germany, 1056-1273. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198221722.001.0001

841
Leyser K. Medieval Germany and its neighbours, 900-1250. London: : Hambledon Press 1982.

842
Leyser K. Communications and power in medieval Europe: The Gregorian Revolution and beyond. London: : Hambledon Press 1994.

843
Reuter T, Nelson JL. Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511497216

844
Asbridge TS. The Crusades: the war for the Holy Land. London: : Simon & Schuster 2012.

845
Bartlett R. The making of Europe: conquest, colonization and cultural change, 950 - 1350. London: : Penguin 1994.

846
Beckingham CF. Between Islam and Christendom: travellers, facts and legends in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. London: : Variorum Reprints 1983.

847
Blanks DR, Frassetto M. Western views of Islam in medieval and early modern Europe: perception of other. Basingstoke: : Macmillan Press 1999. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=308381

848
Burns RI. Islam under the crusaders: colonial survival in the thirteenth-century Kingdom of Valencia. Princeton, N.J: : Princeton University Press 1973.

849
Dawson C. The Mongol mission: narratives and letters of the Franciscan missionaries in Mongolia and China in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. London: : Sheed and Ward 1955.

850
Edbury PW. The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191-1374. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511562402

851
Edbury PW, Rowe JG. William of Tyre: historian of the Latin East. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511562419

852
Edbury PW. John of Ibelin and the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 1997.

853
Goss VP, Bornstein CV. The Meeting of two worlds: cultural exchange between East and West during the period of the Crusades. Kalamazoo, Mich: : Medieval Institute Publications 1986.

854
Gumilev LN. Searches for an imaginary kingdom: the legend of the Kingdom of Prester John. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1987.

855
Guzman GG. Simon of Saint-Quentin and the Dominican Mission to the Mongol Baiju: A Reappraisal. Speculum 1971;46:232–49. doi:10.2307/2854853

856
Hillenbrand C. The Crusades: Islamic perspectives. Corr. impression. Edinburgh: : Edinburgh University Press 2009.

857
Jackson P. The Crusade Against the Mongols (1241). The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1991;42. doi:10.1017/S0022046900002554

858
Jackson P. The Mongols and the West, 1221-1410. Harlow: : Longman 2005.

859
Kedar BZ. Crusade and mission: European approaches towards the Muslims. Princeton, N.J.: : Princeton University press 1988. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt7zvpx9

860
Kedar BZ. The Franks in the Levant, 11th to 14th centuries. Aldershot: : Variorum 1993.

861
Lilie R-J. Byzantium and the crusader states, 1096-1204. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198204077.001.0001

862
Maalouf A. The Crusades through Arab eyes. London: : Saqi Essentials 2006.

863
Polo M, Latham R. The travels of Marco Polo. Harmondsworth: : Penguin 1958.

864
Mayer HE. The crusades. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1988.

865
Morgan D. The Mongols. 2nd ed. Malden, Mass: : Blackwell 2007.

866
Muldoon J. Popes, lawyers, and infidels: the Church and the non-Christian world, 1250-1550. [Philadelphia]: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1979.

867
Murray AV, International Medieval Congress. From Clermont to Jerusalem: the Crusades and Crusader societies, 1095-1500 : selected proceedings of the International Medieval Congress, University of Leeds, 10-13 July, 1995. Turnhout: : Brepols 1998.

868
Olschki L. Marco Polo’s Asia: an introduction to his ‘Description of the world.’ called ‘Il milione’. Berkeley, Calif: : California University Press 1960.

869
Phillips JRS. The medieval expansion of Europe. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207405.001.0001

870
Phillips J. Defenders of the Holy Land: relations between the Latin East and the West, 1119 - 1187. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205401.001.0001

871
Powell JM. Muslims under Latin rule, 1100-1300. Princeton: : Princeton University Press 1990. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=1700455

872
Prawer J. The world of the Crusaders. London: : Weidenfeld and Nicolson 1972.

873
Prawer J. The Latin kingdom of Jerusalem: European colonialism in the Middle Ages. London: : Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1972.

874
Prawer J. Crusader institutions. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1979.

875
De Rachewiltz I. Papal envoys to the great Khans. London: : Faber 1971.

876
Richard J. The Latin kingdom of Jerusalem: Vol.A. Amsterdam: : North-Holland Publishing Co 1978.

877
Richard J. The Latin kingdom of Jerusalem: Vol.B. Amsterdam: : North-Holland Publishing Co 1978.

878
Riley-Smith JSC. The Crusades: a short history. London: : Athlone 1987.

879
Riley-Smith JSC. The Atlas of the Crusades. London: : Times 1991.

880
Riley-Smith JSC. The feudal nobility and the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1174-1277. London: : Macmillan 1973.

881
Riley-Smith JSC. The Oxford illustrated history of the Crusades. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1995. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=537613

882
Saunders JJ. The history of the Mongol conquests. London: : Routledge and K. Paul 1971.

883
Scammell GV. The world encompassed: the first European maritime empires, c.800-1650. London: : Methuen 1981.

884
Shatzmiller M. Crusaders and Muslims in twelfth-century Syria. Leiden: : E.J. Brill 1993.

885
Siberry E. Criticism of crusading 1095-1274. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1985.

886
Tolan JV. Medieval Christian perceptions of Islam: a book of essays. New York: : Garland 1996.

887
Tyerman C. The invention of the Crusades. Basingstoke: : Macmillan Press 1998.

888
Watt WM. The influence of Islam on medieval Europe. Edinburgh: : Edinburgh University Press 1972.

889
Yule H, Cordier H. Cathay and the way thither: being a collection of medieval notices of China, Vol.3: Missionary friars - Rashiduddin - Pegolotti - Marignolli. New ed., rev. throughout in the light of recent discoveries. London: : Hakluyt Society 1914.

890
Abelard P. Sic et Non: Prologue. In: Sources for the history of medieval Europe from the mid-eighth to the mid-thirteenth century. Oxford: : Blackwell 1966.

891
Clanchy MT. Abelard: a medieval life. Oxford: : Blackwell 1997.

892
Evans GR. Bernard of Clairvaux. New York: : Oxford University Press 2000.

893
Evans GR. Old arts and new theology: the beginnings of theology as an academic discipline. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1980.

894
Evans GR. The mind of St. Bernard of Clairvaux. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1983.

895
Gilson E. History of Christian philosophy in the Middle Ages. [Rev ed]. London: : Sheed and Ward 1980.

896
Jaeger CS. The envy of angels: cathedral schools and social ideals in medieval Europe, 950-1200. Philadelphia: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1994.

897
Knowles D, Luscombe DE, Brooke CNL. The evolution of medieval thought. 2nd ed. London: : Longman 1988.

898
Leclercq J. The renewal of theology. In: Benson RL, Constable G, Lanham CD, eds. Renaissance and renewal in the twelfth century. Toronto: : published by University of Toronto Press in association with the Medieval Academy of America 1991.

899
Leclercq J. The love of learning and the desire for God: a study of monastic culture. 3rd ed. New York: : Fordham University Press 1982.

900
Leff G. Medieval thought, St. Augustine to Ockham. Chicago: : Quadrangle Books 1959.

901
Abelard P, Radice B, Clanchy MT, et al. The letters of Abelard and Heloise. [Rev ed.]. London: : Penguin 2003.

902
Kienzle BM, James BS, Bernard. The letters of St. Bernard of Clairvaux. Thrupp, Stroud: : Sutton Publishing 1998.

903
Luscombe DE. Peter Abelard. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Davenant Press 2002.

904
Luscombe DE. The school of Peter Abelard: the influence of Abelard’s thought in the early scholastic period. Cambridge: : University Press 1969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511896781

905
Murray AV. Abelard and St. Bernard: a study in twelfth century ‘modernism’. Manchester: : Manchester U.P. 1967.

906
Sikes JG. Peter Abailard. Cambridge University Press 1932.

907
Wei IP. Intellectual culture in medieval Paris: theologians and the University, c.1100-1330. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511842108

908
Barton S, Fletcher RA. The world of El Cid: chronicles of the Spanish reconquest : selected sources. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2000.

909
Setton KM, Baldwin MW. A History of the Crusades: vol. 1. 2nd ed. Madison: : University of Wisconsin Press 1969.

910
Bisson TN. The medieval crown of Aragon: a short history. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198202363.001.0001

911
Blake EO. The Formation of the ‘Crusade Idea’. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1970;21:11–31. doi:10.1017/S0022046900048429

912
Bull M. The Roots of Lay Enthusiasm for the First Crusade. History 1993;78:353–72. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1993.tb02249.x

913
Bull MG. Knightly piety and the lay response to the First Crusade: the Limousin and Gascony, c.970-c.1130. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1993.

914
Catlos BA. The victors and the vanquished: Christians and Muslims of Catalonia and Aragon, 1050-1300. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511496424

915
Cole PJ. The preaching of the Crusades to the Holy Land, 1095-1270. Cambridge, Mass: : Medieval Academy of America 1991.

916
Constable G. The Second Crusade as seen by Contemporaries. Traditio 1953;9:213–79.http://www.jstor.org/stable/27830277?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=The&searchText=Second&searchText=Crusade&searchText=as&searchText=seen&searchText=by&searchText=Contemporaries&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffc%3Doff%26amp%3Bhp%3D25%26amp%3Bprq%3Dsn%253A03621529%2BAND%2Byear%253A1954%26amp%3Bso%3Drel%26amp%3BQuery%3DThe%2BSecond%2BCrusade%2Bas%2Bseen%2Bby%2BContemporaries%26amp%3Bwc%3Doff&refreqid=search%3A816039516acad3e239395f931b33aa7e&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

917
Cowdrey HEJ. Pope Urban II’s preaching of the First Crusade. History 1970;55:177–88. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1970.tb02491.x

918
Fletcher R. Moorish Spain. London: : Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1992.

919
Forey AJ. The military orders and the Spanish reconquest in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Traditio 1984;40:197–234.http://www.jstor.org/stable/27831153?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

920
France J. Victory in the East: a military history of the First Crusade. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511562426

921
Gervers M. The Second Crusade and the Cistercians. New York: : St. Martin’s Press 1992.

922
Hill RMT. Gesta Francorum: The deeds of the Franks and the other pilgrims to Jerusalem. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1972.

923
Holt PM. The age of the Crusades: the Near East from the eleventh century to 1517. London: : Longman 1986.

924
Kennedy H. Muslim Spain and Portugal: a political history of al-Andalus. London: : Longman 1996.

925
Lomax DW. The reconquest of Spain. London: : Longman 1978.

926
Lourie E. A Society Organized for War: Medieval Spain. Past & Present 1966;35:54–76.http://www.jstor.org/stable/649966?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

927
MacKay A. Spain in the Middle Ages: from frontier to empire, 1000-1500. London: : Macmillan 1977.

928
Mayer HE. The crusades. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1988.

929
O’Callaghan JF. A history of medieval Spain. Ithaca: : Cornell University Press 1975.

930
Peters E. The First Crusade: the chronicle of Fulcher of Chartres and other source materials. 2nd ed. Philadelphia [Pa.]: : University of Pennsylvania Press 1998. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt3fhh0t

931
Phillips J, Deus Vult : the Origins and Impact of the First Crusade (Conference). The First Crusade: origins and impact. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1997.

932
Phillips J, Hoch M. The Second Crusade: scope and consequences. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2001.

933
Powers JF. A society organized for war: the Iberian municipal militias in the central Middle Ages, 1000-1284. Berkeley: : University of California Press 1988.

934
Reilly BF. The contest of Christian and Muslim Spain, 1031-1157. Cambridge, Mass: : Blackwell 1992.

935
Reilly BF. The Medieval Spains. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1993.

936
Riley-Smith J. What were the crusades? 4th ed. Basingstoke: : Palgrave Macmillan 2009.

937
Riley-Smith JSC. The First Crusade and the idea of crusading. London: : Athlone Press 1986.

938
Riley-Smith JSC. The first crusaders, 1095-1131. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1997.

939
Riley-Smith JSC. The Oxford illustrated history of the Crusades. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1995. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=537613

940
Robert of Rheims, Sweetenham (trans.) C. Robert the Monk’s History of the First Crusade =: Historia iherosolimitana. Aldershot: : Ashgate 2005.

941
Setton KM, Baldwin MW. A History of the Crusades: vol. 1. 2nd ed. Madison: : University of Wisconsin Press 1969.

942
Smith C. Christians and Moors in Spain: Vol.1: 711-1100. Warminster: : Aris & Phillips 1988.

943
Such P, Hodgkinson J. The poem of my Cid =: Poema de mio Cid. Warminster: : Aris & Phillips 1987.

944
Maddicott JR. The origins of the English parliament, 924-1327. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199585502.001.0001

945
J. R. Maddicott. Magna Carta and the Local Community 1215-1259. Past & Present 1984;:25–65.http://www.jstor.org/stable/650759?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

946
Harriss GL. King, parliament and public finance in medieval England to 1369. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 1975.

947
Roskell JS, Davies RG, Denton JH. The English Parliament in the Middle Ages. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 1981.

948
Carpenter DA. The reign of Henry III. London: : Hambledon Press 1996.

949
Carpenter DA. The struggle for mastery: Britain, 1066-1284. London: : Penguin 2004.

950
Prestwich M. Plantagenet England, 1225-1360. Oxford: : Clarendon Press 2005. http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=75876&entityid=https://idp.bris.ac.uk/shibboleth

951
Prestwich M. English politics in the thirteenth century. Basingstoke: : Macmillan Education 1990.

952
Sayles GO. The Functions of the medieval parliament of England. London: : Hambledon 1987.

953
Sayles GO. The King’s Parliament of England. London: : E. Arnold 1975.

954
Stacey RC. Politics, policy and finance under Henry III, 1216-1245. Oxford: : Clarendon 1987.

955
Treharne RF. The nature of parliament in the reign of Henry III. In: Historical studies of the English Parliament: Vol.1: Origins to 1399. London: : Cambridge University Press 1970.

956
Barlow F. The feudal kingdom of England, 1042-1216. 5th ed. London: : Longman 1999.

957
Barlow F. Thomas Becket. London: : Weidenfeld and Nicolson 1986.

958
C. R. Cheney. The Punishment of Felonous Clerks. The English Historical Review 1936;51:215–36.http://www.jstor.org/stable/553518?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

959
Mary Cheney. The Compromise of Avranches of 1172 and the Spread of Canon Law in England. The English Historical Review 1941;56:177–97.http://www.jstor.org/stable/554507?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

960
Douglas DC, Greenaway GW. English historical documents: vol. 2. 2nd ed. London: : Eyre Methuen 1981.

961
Duggan AJ. Thomas Becket. London: : Arnold 2004.

962
Duggan C. The Becket Dispute and the Criminous Clerks. Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 1962;35:1–28. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2281.1962.tb01411.x

963
Knowles D. Archbishop Thomas Becket: a character study. In: The historian and character, and other essays. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1963.

964
Knowles D. The episcopal colleagues of Archbishop Thomas Becket: being the Ford Lectures delivered in the University of Oxford in Hilary Term 1949. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1951.

965
Knowles D. Thomas Becket. Stanford, Calif: : Stanford University Press 1971.

966
F. W. Maitland. Henry II and the Criminous Clerks. The English Historical Review 1892;7:224–34.http://www.jstor.org/stable/546314?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

967
Mayr-Harting H. Henry II and the Papacy, 1170-1189. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1965;16:39–53. doi:10.1017/S0022046900053392

968
Smalley B. The Becket conflict and the schools: a study of intellectuals in politics. Oxford: : Blackwell 1973.

969
Staunton M. The lives of Thomas Becket. Manchester: : Manchester University Press 2001.

970
Staunton M. Thomas Becket and his biographers. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2006. http://universitypublishingonline.org/boydell/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781846155093

971
Tout TF. The place of St. Thomas of Canterbury in history: a centenary study. Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 1921;6.http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:1m1094

972
Warren WL. Henry II. London: : Eyre Methuen 1973.

973
Assmann A. Cultural memory and western civilization: functions, media, archives. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2011.

974
Barron CM, Burgess C, Harlaxton Symposium. Memory and commemoration in medieval England: proceedings of the 2008 Harlaxton Symposium. Donington: : Shaun Tyas 2010.

975
Binski P. Medieval death: ritual and representation. London: : British Museum Press 1996.

976
Braet H, Verbeke W. Death in the middle ages. Leuven: : Leuven University Press 1983.

977
Brenner E, Franklin-Brown M, Cohen M, editors. Memory and commemoration in medieval culture. Farnham: : Ashgate 2013. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=4512347

978
Carruthers MJ. The medieval craft of memory: an anthology of texts and pictures. Philadelphia, Pa: : University of Pennsylvania Press 2002.

979
Carruthers MJ. The book of memory: a study of memory in medieval culture. 2nd ed. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107051126

980
Clanchy MT. From memory to written record: England 1066-1307. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Blackwell 1993.

981
Coleman J. Ancient and medieval memories: studies in the reconstruction of the past. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511521331

982
Connerton P. How societies remember. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511628061

983
Daniell C. Death and burial in medieval England, 1066 - 1550. London: : Routledge 1997.

984
DuBruck EE, Gusick BI. Death and dying in the Middle Ages. New York: : Peter Lang 1999.

985
Erll A, Nünning A, Young SB. Cultural memory studies: an international and interdisciplinary handbook. Berlin: : W. de Gruyter 2008. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bristol/detail.action?docID=364668

986
Geary PJ. Phantoms of remembrance: memory and oblivion at the end of the first millennium. Princeton, N.J.: : Princeton University Press 1994.

987
Gordon B, Marshall P. The place of the dead: death and remembrance in late medieval and early modern Europe. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2000.

988
McKitterick R. History and memory in the Carolingian world. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511617003

989
McKitterick R. The Carolingians and the written word. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511583599

990
Pohl B, Dudo. Dudo of St Quentin’s Historia Normannorum: tradition, innovation and memory. [York]: : York Medieval Press in association with The Boydell Press 2015. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7722/j.ctt9qdm20

991
Rollason DW. The Durham Liber vitae and its context. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2004.

992
Taylor JHM. Dies illa: death in the Middle Ages; proceedings of the 1983 Manchester colloquium. Liverpool (The University, P.O. Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX): : Francis Cairns 1984.

993
Van Houts EMC. Robert of Torigni as Genealogist. In: Studies in medieval history presented to R. Allen Brown. Woodbridge: : Boydell 1989.

994
Houts EMC van. Memory and gender in medieval Europe, 900-1200. Basingstoke: : Macmillan 1999.

995
Albu E. The Normans and their Myths. The Haskins Society journal: studies in medieval history 1998;11.

996
Anderson BRO. Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. Rev. ed. London: : Verso 2006.

997
Bedos-Rezak BM. Medieval Identity: A Sign and a Concept. The American Historical Review 2000;105. doi:10.2307/2652028

998
Cohen JJ. Medieval identity machines. Minneapolis, Minn., London: : University of Minnesota Press 2003.

999
Murray AV, Johnson L, Forde S. Concepts of national identity in the Middle Ages. Leeds: : University of Leeds, School of English 1995.

1000
Geary PJ. The myth of nations: the medieval origins of Europe. Princeton, N.J.: : Princeton University Press 2003.

1001
Hadley DM. Ethnicity and Acculturation. In: A social history of England, 900-1200. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511976056

1002
Hagger M. Kinship and identity in eleventh-century Normandy: the case of Hugh de Grandmesnil, . 1040?1098. Journal of Medieval History 2006;32:212–30. doi:10.1016/j.jmedhist.2006.07.005

1003
Hutchinson J, Smith AD. Ethnicity. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1996.

1004
Jamison EM. The Sicilian Norman Kingdom in the Mind of Anglo-Norman Contemporaries. In: Clementi D, Kölzer T, eds. Studies on the history of medieval Sicily and South Italy. Aalen: : Scientia Verlag 1992.

1005
Johnson E. Origin Myths and the Construction of Medieval Identities: Norman Chronicles 1000-1100. In: Corradini R, ed. Texts and identities in the early Middle Ages. Wien: : Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 2006.

1006
Loud G. How "Norman” was the Norman Conquest of Southern Italy? Nottingham medieval studies;25.

1007
McKitterick R. The pleasures of the past: history and identity in the early Middle Ages. Early Medieval Europe 2014;22:388–405. doi:10.1111/emed.12077

1008
Reimitz H. History, Frankish Identity and the Framing of Western Ethnicity, 550–850. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139505765

1009
Smith AD. National identity. London: : Penguin Books 1991.

1010
Smith AD. The ethnic origins of nations. Oxford: : Basil Blackwell 1986.

1011
Smyth AP. Medieval Europeans: studies in ethnic identity and national perspectives in medieval Europe. Basingstoke: : Macmillan Press 1998.

1012
Thomas HM. The English and the Normans: ethnic hostility, assimilation, and identity, 1066-c.1220. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199251230.001.0001

1013
Webber N. The evolution of Norman identity, 911-1154. Woodbridge: : Boydell Press 2005.

1014
Wolfram H. The Genre of Origo Gentis [Le genre de l’Origo gentis]. Revue belge de philologie et d’histoire 1990;68:789–801. doi:10.3406/rbph.1990.3742

Bibliography for HIST10042: The Medieval World BETA